Genetics and heritability of some physiological and agronomic traits in barley under drought stress

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran.

Abstract

To evaluate the inheritance of some physiological and agronomic traits in barley, the F1 seeds of a 5×5 half diallel cross, along with their parents were grown in well-watered and drought stress under greenhouse condition at the agricultural research station of Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran in 2016. Physiological and agronomic traits such as relative water content, excised leaf water loss, stomatal conductance, cell membrane injury, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, specific leaf area, leaf thickness, root length, root dry weight and grain yield were measured. Results showed that all traits had high broad sense heritability. Among the traits, cell membrane injury had the highest narrow sense heritability (0.47), followed by specific leaf area (0.369), excised leaf water loss (0.353) and relative water content (0.311). The average degree of dominance was higher than unity for all traits, indicating the presence of over-dominance gene action in the control of these traits. Results showed that for grain yield and specific leaf area, dominant alleles, and for cell membrane injury, recessive alleles are favorable. F1 progenies had lower specific leaf area, excised leaf water loss, relative water content, stomatal conductance and higher root dry weight than their parents. Due to the importance of dominance in the control of characters under study, it was suggested that the evaluation of traits under study should be done at advanced generations of inbreeding.
 
 

Keywords


Article Title [Persian]

ژنتیک و وراثت پذیری برخی از صفات فیزیولوزیک در جو تحت تنش خشکی

Authors [Persian]

  • حسین شهبازی
  • حسن بیگناه
  • مسلم علائی
Abstract [Persian]

به منظور تعیین وراثت‌پذیری برخی از صفات فیزیولوژیک درگیاه جو، بذرهای F1 حاصل از یک تلاقی دی الل 5×5 به همراه والدین درگلخانه در شرایط بدون تنش و تنش خشکی انتهایی، در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اردبیل در سال 1395 کشت گردیدند. صفات فیزیولوژیک و زراعی محتوی نسبی آب برگ، اتلاف آب از برگ جداشده، هدایت روزنه‌ای، صدمه وارده به غشا، پارامترهای فلورسانس کلروفیل، سطح ویژه برگ، ضخامت برگ، طول ریشه، وزن خشک ریشه و عملکرد دانه اندازه گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد ‌که وراثت پذیری عمومی تمام صفات بالا بود. در بین صفات اندازه گیری شده، صدمه وارده به غشای سیتوپلاسمی دارای بیشترین وراثت پذیری خصوصی بود (47/0) و سطح ویژه برگ، اتلاف آب از برگ جداشده و محتوی نسبی آب برگ بترتیب با مقادیر 369/0، 353/0 و  311/0 در رتبه­های بعدی قرار گرفتند. درجه غالبیت متوسط در مورد تمام صفات اندازه‌گیری شده بزرگتر از 1 بود که حاکی از کنترل کلیه صفت توسط اثر فوق غالبیت ژنی بود. نتایج نشان داد که در عملکرد و سطح ویژه برگ الل­های غالب و در صدمه وارده به غشای سیتوپلاسمی الل­های مغلوب، مطلوب می­باشند. نتایج همچنین نشان داد که نتاج F1 در مقایسه با والدین دارای سطح ویژه برگ، اتلاف آب از برگ جدا شده، محتوی نسبی آب برگ و هدایت روزنه­ای کمتر و وزن خشک ریشه بیشتری هستند. با توجه به اهمیت بیشتر ارزش­های غالبیت در کنترل صفات اندازه­گیری شده، پیشنهاد می­شود که ارزیابی صفات در نسل­های تفرق پیشرفته و بعد از رسیدن نتاج به خلوص نسبی انجام گیرد.
 
 

Keywords [Persian]

  • تنش خشکی
  • صفات ریشه
  • صفات فیزیولوژیک
  • هدایت روزنه­ای
  • وراثت پذیری
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