Effects of cycocel on growth, some physiological traits and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under salt stress

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

Abstract

In order to investigate changes in sodium ion (Na+), potassium ion (K+), dry matter mobilization and grain filling period of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under salinity stress, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Factors were salinity at four levels [no-salt (S0) and salinity of 25 (S1), 50 (S2) and 75 (S3) mM NaCl, equivalent of 2.3, 4.61 and 6.92 dS m1, respectively] and four cycocel levels [without cycocel (C0) and application of 400 (C1), 800 (C2) and 1200 (C3) mg L-1 cycocel)]. Results showed that salinity stress decreased grain yield, chlorophyll index, grain filling period, stomata conductance and relative water content in plant shoots. But grain filling rate and dry matter remobilization from shoots increased. Application of cycocel at C3 level led to the reduction of 36.36% and 5.75% in dry matter remobilization from shoot and stem, respectively. In the case of mineral content, Na+/K+ ratio was increased with increasing salinity level. At all salinity levels, cycocel application resulted in lower Na+ content and Na+/K+ ratio. Higher K+ accumulation in the cycocel treated plants, resulted in a low Na+/K+ ratio leading to their efficiency in salinity tolerance. It was concluded that cycocel can be a proper toolfor increasing wheat yield under salinity condition.
 

Keywords


Article Title [Persian]

تاثیر سایکوسل بر برخی صفات فیزیولوژیکی و عملکرد گندم تحت تنش شوری

Authors [Persian]

  • رئوف سید شریفی
  • راضیه خلیل زاده
دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
Abstract [Persian]

 به‌منظور ارزیابی تغییر در یون‌های سدیم (Na+) و پتاسیم (K+)، انتقال مجدد ماده خشک و دوره پر شدن دانه گندم تحت تنش شوری، یک آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارها شوری خاک در چهار سطح ]بدون اعمال شوری به عنوان شاهد  و شوری 25، 50 و 75 میلی مولار با نمک NaCl به ترتیب معادل3/2، 61/4 و 92/6 دسی‌زیمنس بر متر[، و چهار سطح سایکوسل ]بدون سایکوسل به عنوان شاهد و کاربرد 400، 800 و 1200 میلی‌گرم در لیتر سایکوسل[ را شامل شدند. تنش شوری عملکرد دانه ، شاخص کلروفیل، دوره پر شدن دانه‌، هدایت الکتریکی و محتوای نسبی آب در اندام‌های هوایی گندم را کاهش داد. ولی سرعت پر شدن دانه و انتقال ماده خشک از اندام­های هوایی افزایش یافت. کاربرد 1200 میلی‌گرم در لیتر سایکوسل سهم فرایند انتقال مجدد ماده خشک در اندام هوایی و ساقه را به ترتیب 36/36 و 75/5 درصد کاهش داد. در عوض نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم با افزایش سطح شوری، افزایش یافت. در تمامی سطوح شوری کاربرد سایکوسل محتوای سدیم و نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم را کاهش داد. زیادی انباشتگی پتاسیم در گیاهان تیمار شده با سایکوسل منجر به کاهش نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم و در نتیجه افزایش کارآیی مقاومت این گیاهان به شوری شد. به طور کلی، نتیجه گرفته شد که کاربرد سایکوسل می‌تواند به عنوان یک ابزار مناسب برای افزایش عملکرد گندم در شرایط شوری مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
 

Keywords [Persian]

  • دوره پر شدن دانه
  • سایکوسل
  • گندم
  • نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم
  • هدایت روزنه­ای
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