Introducing some Iranian Ecotypes of Alfalfa

Contributors

Abstract

The objective of this research was to evaluate forage yield and quality of native alfalfa ecotypes. Correlations among the investigated traits were also determined, since data on relationships are of great importance in selection, especially for traits with low genetic variability. Experimental material consisted of 13 alfalfa germplasms. Investigation was carried out during a three-year period. The field trial was arranged as the randomized complete block design with four replications. There was a statistically significant difference among ecotypes for plant height ranging from 74.50 cm (Moapa) to 96.00 (Alhord), number of internodes from 12.75 (Khosrovanagh) to 16.00 (Moapa), leaf size from 0.45 (Ranger) to 1.0125 (Leghlan), leaf fresh weight to stem fresh weight ratio (LFW/SFW) from 0.44 (Leghlan) to 0.54 (Moapa), leaf dry weight to stem dry weight ratio (LFW/SFW) from 0.3725 (Leghlan) to 0.4750 (Moapa), in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) from 45.42% (Gara-Yonjeh) to 50.67% (Baftan), acid detergent fiber (ADF) from 38.83% (Khaje) to 44.70% (Gara-Yonjeh), crude fiber (CF) from 25.96% (Sivan) to 32.48% (Ranger) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) from 47.03% (Khaje) to 57.43% (Moapa). There were positive correlations between plant fresh yield, dry yield, number of stems and plant height. LFW/SFW and LDW/SDW didn't show any significant correlation with quality components (IVDMD, CP, ADF, CF and NDF). There was a negative correlation between CP and CF. Sivan, Dizaj-Safarali, Gara-Baba, Khosrovanagh, Khaje, Alhord and Leghlan ecotypes had the best quality. They can be recommended and considered to make synthetic varieties.
 

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

معرفی برخی از اکوتیپ‌های ایرانی یونجه

Abstract [Persian]

هدف از این مطالعه ارزیابی عملکرد علوفه و کیفیت آن در تعدادی از اکوتیپ‌های بومی یونجه بود. با توجه به این که ارتباط بین صفات در گزینش ارقام، به ویژه در صورت پایین بودن تنوع ژنتیکی، از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است، همبستگی بین صفات نیز برآورد شد. مواد آزمایشی شامل 13 ژرم‌پلاسم یونجه بود. آزمایش مزرعه‌ای بر اساس طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار و طی سه سال انجام یافت. بین اکوتیپ‌ها تفاوت معنی‌داری برای صفات ارتفاع بوته از 74 (مائوپا) تا 96 سانتی‌متر (الهرد)، تعداد گره از 75/12 (خسروانق) تا 0/16 (مائوپا)، اندازه برگ از 45/0 (رنجر) تا 0125/1 (لغلان)، نسبت وزن برگ  به وزن ساقه در حالت تر از 44/0 (لغلان) تا 54/0 (مائوپا)، نسبت وزن برگ به وزن ساقه در حالت خشک از 3275/0 (لغلان) تا 4750/0 (مائوپا) مشاهده شد. همچنین در مورد صفات کیفی در بین اکوتیپ‌ها تفاوت معنی‌دار وجود داشت و درصد ماده خشک قابل هضم از 42/45% (قره‌یونجه) تا 67/50% (بافتان)، درصد دیواره سلولی منهای همی‌سلولز از 83/38% (خواجه) تا 70/44% (قره‌یونجه)، درصد فیبر خام از 56/29% (سیوان) تا 48/32% (رنجر) و درصد دیواره سلولی از 03/47% (خواجه) تا 43/57% (مائوپا) متغیر بود. همبستگی معنی‌دار و مثبتی بین عملکرد تر و خشک علوفه، تعداد ساقه و ارتفاع بوته مشاهده شد. بین صفات نسبت وزن برگ به وزن ساقه در حالت تر و خشک و اجزای کیفی علوفه- درصد ماده خشک قابل هضم، درصد دیواره سلولی منهای همی‌سلولز، درصد فیبر خام، درصد دیواره سلولی و درصد پروتئین-  همبستگی معنی‌داری به دست نیامد. همبستگی درصد فیبر خام با درصد پروتئین خام منفی و معنی‌دار بود. اکوتیپ‌های سیوان، دیزج صفرعلی، قره‌بابا، خسروانق، خواجه، الهرد و لغلان بهترین کیفیت علوفه را داشتند. این اکوتیپ‌ها مورد توصیه بوده و می‌توان آن­ها را برای تولید واریته سنتتیک در نظر گرفت.
 

Keywords [Persian]

  • اکوتیپ
  • عملکرد
  • کیفیت علوفه
  • یونجه

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