Evaluation of mother-plant growing beds, explant type, and different disinfection treatments in control of Sansevieria rhizome contamination under in vitro conditions

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Horticultural Science and Landscape Engineering, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (GUASNR), Gorgan, Golestan, Iran

2 Department of Horticultural Science and Landscape Engineering, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.

3 Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Rasht, Iran.

Abstract

Objective: Cloning ornamental plants, particularly chimeric varieties, is a crucial strategy for enhancing competitiveness in the ornamental plant market. Since the only method to propagate clones of chimeric Sansevieria varieties is through offset production from rhizome origins, optimizing sterilization techniques for in vitro rhizome explants is imperative. A significant drawback of plant tissue culture is the risk of microbial contamination, making the removal of contaminants a foundational step for successful tissue culture. Initial experiments on Sansevieria trifasciata rhizome explants revealed that conventional disinfectants were ineffective at eliminating contamination. Consequently, this study aimed to improve culture conditions by evaluating various factors essential for successful plant tissue culture.
Methods: In a preliminary experiment, two types of mother-plant growing media (perlite and conventional greenhouse soil) were compared using a t-test with 50 experimental units within a group. The second experiment was conducted on perlite as the mother-plant growing medium using a factorial arrangement with three factors based on the completely randomized design with three replications. The factors included three rhizome explant types (single node, terminal meristem, and rhizomes with terminal buds), benomyl and carbendazim fungicides at two concentrations of 2% and 10%, and mercuric chloride as the chemical disinfectant at two concentrations of 0.1% and 0.2% for 2 and 20 minutes plus a control without mercuric chloride.
Results: Results indicated that culturing mother plants in the perlite bed significantly reduced microbial loads. The results of the second experiment showed that treatment with 10% benomyl fungicide effectively diminished microbial contamination. Among the disinfectants tested, a 20-minute treatment of explants with 0.2% mercuric chloride resulted in the lowest fungal contamination. Among the explant types, single-node explants exhibited the least fungal contamination.
Conclusion: pre-treating single-node rhizome explants with 10% benomyl fungicide, followed by a 2-minute exposure to 70% alcohol and a 20-minute treatment with 0.2% mercuric chloride in a laminar flow cabinet, leads to optimal microbial decontamination. These findings underscore the importance of specific sterilization protocols in enhancing the efficacy of plant tissue culture methods for chimeric Sansevieria propagation.

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References

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Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 31 December 2024

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