Soil moisture variations and growth characteristics of Russian olive seedlings as affected by pumice in rainfed conditions

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Soil and Water Research Department, East Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Centre, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tabriz, Iran

2 Department of Soil Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

3 Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Department, East Azerbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Centre, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tabriz, Iran

4 East Azerbaijan Organization of Agriculture Jahad, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

One of the strategies for efficiently using agricultural water resources and preserving them is to use absorbent materials such as pumice in soil. The present research aimed to evaluate the effects of different levels of pumice on soil water content and Russian olive seedling growth. For this purpose, an experiment was designed and conducted as a randomized complete block design with four treatments and three replications from 2017 to 2018 in the Khajeh Research Station. Treatments included control (no pumice), and 10%, 20%, and 30% pumice. During the experiment, the average soil moisture content was measured by TDR every 10 days. The growth characteristics of the Russian olive seedlings, including seedling height, collar diameter, and leaf area were measured. Minimum soil water content was recorded for the control treatment and then a significant increase was observed by increasing the use of pumice. In the control treatment, seedling height, collar diameter, and leaf area were 56 cm, 6.2 mm, and 108 cm2, respectively, while in the 30% pumice treatment, the same characteristics were significantly increased to 105 cm, 11.4 mm, and 201 cm2, respectively. So, by increasing the amount of pumice from 0 to 30%, seedling height, collar diameter, and leaf area increased by 87, 84, and 86%, respectively. Therefore, we can conclude that pumice by retaining soil water during the growing season, especially in rainfed conditions, prevents plant water-deficit stress and enhances its growth and development.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

تأثیر پومیس بر تغییرات رطوبت خاک و ویژگی های رشد نهال سنجد در شرایط دیم

Authors [Persian]

  • رضا حسن‌پور 1
  • داود زارع حقی 2
  • محمدابراهیم صادق زاده ریحان 3
  • پاشا قره‌باغی 4
1 بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان شرقی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تبریز
2 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز
3 بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان شرقی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تبریز
4 سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان آذربایجان شرقی، تبریز
Abstract [Persian]

یکی از راهکارهای استفاده بهینه از منابع آب کشاورزی و حفظ آن استفاده از مواد جاذب مانند پومیس در خاک است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر سطوح مختلف پومیس بر مقدار آب خاک و رشد نهال سنجد انجام شد. به این منظور آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک­ های کامل تصادفی با چهار تیمار و سه تکرار در سال 1396 تا 1397 در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی خواجه طراحی و اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل شاهد (بدون پومیس) و 10، 20 و 30 درصد پومیس بودند. در طول آزمایش، میانگین رطوبت خاک هر 10 روز یکبار با دستگاه TDR اندازه­ گیری شد. ویژگی‌های رشد نهال سنجد شامل ارتفاع نهال، قطر یقه و سطح برگ اندازه‌گیری شد. کمترین مقدار آب خاک برای تیمار شاهد ثبت شد و سپس با افزایش استفاده از پومیس افزایش معنی‌داری در این صفات مشاهده شد. در تیمار شاهد، ارتفاع نهال، قطر یقه و سطح برگ به ترتیب 56 سانتی‌متر، 6.2 میلی‌متر و 108 سانتی‌متر مربع بود، در حالی که در تیمار 30 درصد پومیس، همین ویژگی‌ها به ترتیب به 105 سانتی‌متر، 11.4 میلی‌متر و 201 سانتی‌متر مربع افزایش یافت. به طوری که با افزایش مقدار پوکه از 0 به 30 درصد، ارتفاع نهال، قطر یقه و سطح برگ به ترتیب حدود 87، 84 و 86 درصد افزایش یافت. بنابراین، می ­توان گفت که پومیس با حفظ آب خاک در طول فصل رشد به ویژه در شرایط دیم از تنش آبی گیاه جلوگیری کرده و رشد و نمو آن را افزایش می‌دهد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • ابرجاذب
  • تخلخل خاک
  • رطوبت خاک
  • سنجد

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Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
Volume 13, Issue 2
December 2023
Pages 249-260

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