Enhancement of salt tolerance in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa var. Titicaca) by seed priming with melatonin

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran

2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran

Abstract

In plants, melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) contributes to various environmental stress responses and developmental processes. Accordingly, the effect of seed priming with melatonin (1250 µM) on increasing salt tolerance at 40 dS m-1 NaCl was studied in Chenopodium quinoa var. Titicaca (quinoa) using a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design at Shahrekord University in 2019. In the present experiment, different levels of NaCl and melatonin were first applied and according to the obtained results, 1250 μM melatonin and 40 dS m-1 NaCl were selected for the main study. The measured traits and indices included the fresh and dry weight, the content of photosynthetic pigments, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as the activity of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, and guaiacol peroxidase. Seed priming with melatonin reduced the adverse effects of NaCl in the salt-stressed quinoa plants by increasing the dry weight (two-fold) and the level of photosynthetic pigments (1.2-fold) compared to the salinity stress alone. Also, the application of melatonin by changing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, reduced the content of H2O2 by 25% and MDA by 42%, which resulted in the reduction of oxidative stress in the quinoa plants under salinity conditions. Overall, it can be concluded that seed priming with an optimal level of melatonin can be a proper technique to increase salt tolerance in quinoa under highly saline conditions by reducing the harmful effects of salinity-induced oxidative stress by reducing the H2O2 and lipid peroxidation levels. It also protects the photosynthetic machinery by reducing the degradation of photosynthetic pigments which leads to the increased growth of the quinoa plants under salinity conditions.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

افزایش تحمل به شوری در کینووا (Chenopodium quinoa var. Titicaca) توسط پرایمینگ بذر با ملاتونین

Authors [Persian]

  • منیژه جهان تیغی 1
  • پرتو روشندل 2
  • عبدعبدالرزاق دانش شهرکی 1
1 گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد
2 گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد
Abstract [Persian]

در گیاهان، ملاتونین (N-استیل-5-متوکسی تریپتامین) در پاسخ به تنش ­های مختلف محیطی و فرایندهای نموی مشارکت می­ نماید. بر این اساس، تاثیر پرایمینگ بذر با ملاتونین (1250 میکرومولار) روی افزایش تحمل به شوری (40 دسی زیمنس بر متر کلرید سدیم) در کینووا (Chenopodium quinoa var. Titicaca) با استفاده از آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در دانشگاه شهرکرد در سال 1398 مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در این تحقیق، ابتدا سطوح مختلف کلرید سدیم و ملاتونین به کار گرفته شد و بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده، ملاتونین با غلظت 1250 میکرومولار و کلرید سدیم با غلظت 40 دسی زیمنس بر متر برای آزمایش اصلی انتخاب گردید. صفات و شاخص­ های اندازه گیری شده عبارت بودند از وزن تر و خشک، میزان رنگیزه ­های فتوسنتزی، پراکسید هیدروژن (H2O2)، مالون دآلدئید (MDA)، و نیز فعالیت کاتالاز، آسکوربات پراکسیداز و گایاکول پراکسیداز. پرایمینگ بذر با ملاتونین با افزایش وزن خشک (2 برابر) و سطح رنگدانه ­های فتوسنتزی (1/2 برابر) در مقایسه با تنش شوری به تنهایی، اثرات نامطلوب NaCl را در گیاهان کینووا تحت تنش شوری کاهش داد. همچنین کاربرد ملاتونین با تغییر فعالیت آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی، کاهش میزان H2O2 (25 درصد) و MDA (42 درصد) باعث کاهش تنش اکسیداتیو در گیاهان تحت تنش کینووا شد.  به طور کلی، می ­توان نتیجه گرفت که پرایمینگ بذر با سطح بهینه ملاتونین می ­تواند تکنیک مناسبی برای افزایش تحمل به شوری در کینووا تحت شرایط بسیار شور باشد و این کار از طریق کاهش اثرات مضر تنش اکسیداتیو ناشی از شوری یعنی کاهش سطح H2O2 و MDA انجام می­ گیرد. همچنین ملاتونین با کاهش تخریب رنگدانه­ های فتوسنتزی، از دستگاه فتوسنتزی محافظت می­ کند و این امر منجر به افزایش رشد گیاهان کینووا تحت تنش شوری می ­شود.

Keywords [Persian]

  • انواع اکسیژن فعال
  • پیش تیمار بذر
  • تنش اکسیداتیو
  • شوری
  • کینووا

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Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
Volume 13, Issue 2
December 2023
Pages 181-195

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