Biometrical analysis of resistance to stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) in the winter wheat genotypes

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

2 Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

3 Department of Cereal Research, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran; Crop and Horticultural Science Research Department, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tabriz, Iran

4 Department of Cereal Research, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

Abstract

Stem rust or black rust is one of the most important fungal diseases that widely affect wheat yield and quality in the world. Therefore, the selection of genetic materials resistant to stem rust in the breeding programs is necessary. In this study, 24 winter wheat genotypes including eight varieties and 16 elite lines were evaluated at the adult plant and seedling stages using a randomized complete block design under the influence of local stem rust race TKTTF. Disease indices including the type of infection, the severity of infection, the coefficient of infection, the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), the relative area under the disease progress curve (rAUDPC), and genotype reaction were recorded. Significant differences were observed among the genotypes for all disease indices. Based on all indices, MV-17 and C-98-17 were resistant and C-98-14, C-98-9, Bolany, and Morocco were susceptible. Pearson’s correlation coefficients revealed a significant positive correlation between field type of infection, the severity of infection, the coefficient of infection, AUDPC, and rAUDPC at the field, and between greenhouse type of infection and genotype reaction at the greenhouse. Based on cluster analysis by Ward’s method, all the genotypes were classified into four groups (R, MR, MS, and S) in the adult plant stage and into two groups (R and S) at the seedling stage. The resistant genotypes can be used in the breeding programs for improvement of the stem-rust-resistant genotypes.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

بررسی بیومتریکی مقاومت به زنگ ساقه (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) در ژنوتیپ های گندم پاییزه

Authors [Persian]

  • آرمین واحد رضائی 1
  • علی اصغری 1
  • مجید نوروزی 2
  • سعید اهری زاد 2
  • اشکبوس امینی 4
1 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل
2 گروه به‌نژادی و بیوتکنولوژی گیاهی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز
3 بخش تحقیقات غلات، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی (AREEO)، کرج؛بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان شرقی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی (AREEO)، تبریز
4 بخش تحقیقات غلات، موسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی (AREEO)، کرج
Abstract [Persian]

زنگ ساقه یا زنگ سیاه یکی از مهم­ترین بیماری­ های قارچی می­ باشد که به ­طور گسترده عملکرد و کیفیت گندم مناطق مختلف جهان را تحت تاثیر قرار می­ دهد. بنابراین گزینش منابع ژنتیکی مقاوم به زنگ ساقه در برنامه ­های به ­نژادی ضروری می ­باشد. در این پژوهش 24 ژنوتیپ گندم شامل هشت رقم و 16 لاین امید بخش در دو مرحله گیاهچه ­ای و گیاه بالغ در قالب طرح بلوک­ های کامل تصادفی و تحت تاثیر نژاد بومی TKTTF مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. شاخص ­های بیماری شامل نوع آلودگی، شدت آلودگی، ضریب آلودگی، سطح زیر منحنی پیشرفت بیماری  (AUDPC)، مقدار نسبی سطح زیر منحنی پیشرفت بیماری (rAUDPC) و واکنش ژنوتیپ مورد یادداشت برداری قرار گرفت. تفاوت معنی ­داری بین ژنوتیپ­ ها از نظر تمامی شاخص ­های بیماری مشاهده شد. بر­اساس تمامی­ شاخص­ های مورد مطالعه MV-17 و C-98-17 به عنوان ژنوتیپ ­های مقاوم و C-98-14، C-98-9، بولانی و مراکش به عنوان ژنوتیپ­ های حساس شناسایی شدند. همبستگی معنی  دار بین نوع آلودگی، شدت آلودگی، ضریب آلودگی، AUDPC  و rAUDPC در مزرعه و نیز بین نوع آلودگی و واکنش ژنوتیپ در گلخانه در پاسخ به زنگ ساقه وجود داشت. براساس تجزیه خوشه ­ای به روش Ward کلیه ژنوتیپ ­ها در مرحله گیاه بالغ به چهار گروه (مقاوم، نیمه مقاوم، نیمه حساس و حساس) و در مرحله گیاهچه به دو گروه (مقاوم و حساس) طبقه بندی شدند. بنابراین استفاده از ژنوتیپ ­های مقاوم این مطالعه در برنامه­ های اصلاحی برای ایحاد مقاومت به زنگ ساقه توصیه می ­شود.

Keywords [Persian]

  • تجزیه خوشه ای
  • تنوع
  • زنگ
  • گندم
  • مقاومت

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Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
Volume 13, Issue 2
December 2023
Pages 113-130

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