Evaluation of salinity tolerance of cow cockle (Vaccaria hispanica) ecotypes at germination and adult plant stages

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

2 Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

3 Moha Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iranggeg Ardabili University

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the response of cow cockle (Vaccaria hispanica (Mill.) Rauschert) ecotypes from northwest Iran to salinity stress at the germination and adult plant stages via a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications in 2021. The results showed significant differences among the ecotypes regarding the germination components and morpho-physiological traits, indicating the existence of genetic diversity among them. Germination percentage and its components decreased with increasing salinity levels. So, at the NaCl concentrations greater than 120 mM, seed germination was inhibited in all studied ecotypes. This indicated that the cow cockle is a salinity-sensitive species and does not tolerate high salt concentrations. At the adult plant stage, salinity decreased plant height, root and stem dry weights, chlorophyll a and b content, and increased shoot sodium content and sodium to potassium ratio. The estimation of the multi-trait genotype-ideotype distance index (MGIDI) for different ecotypes based on various traits showed that the E3, E8, and E6 ecotypes having the lowest MGIDI values under salt stress conditions at both germination and adult plant stages, were the most tolerant ecotypes. Moreover, the E7 and E1 ecotypes had the highest MGIDI values at both growth stages and showed a higher sensitivity to salt stress. The more tolerant ecotypes selected based on the MGIDI indicator can be used for further research and selection in the breeding programs of this plant.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Article Title [Persian]

ارزیابی تحمل شوری اکوتیپ‌های جغجغک (Vaccaria hispanica) در مراحل جوانه‌زنی و گیاه بالغ

Abstract [Persian]

این تحقیق با هدف بررسی واکنش اکوتیپ‌های جغجغک (Vaccaria hispanica (Mill.) Rauschert) شمال غرب ایران به تنش شوری در مراحل جوانه‌زنی و گیاه بالغ به‌صورت آزمایش فاکتوریل بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1400 انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که بین اکوتیپ‌ها از نظر مولفه‌های جوانه‌زنی و صفات مورفوفیزیولوژیک تفاوت معنی داری وجود دارد که نشان‌دهنده وجود تنوع ژنتیکی در بین آن­ ها است. با افزایش شدت تنش، درصد جوانه‌زنی و شاخص‌های آن کاهش یافت، به طوری که در غلظت بیش از 120 میلی‌مولار NaCl، جوانه‌زنی بذر در تمامی اکوتیپ‌های مورد مطالعه متوقف شد. این نتایج نشان داد که جغجغک گونه‌ای نسبتاً حساس به شوری است و غلظت بالای نمک را تحمل نمی‌کند. در مرحله گیاه بالغ، شوری باعث کاهش ارتفاع بوته، وزن خشک ریشه و ساقه، محتوای کلروفیل a و b و افزایش میزان سدیم اندام هوایی و نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم شد. برآورد شاخص فاصله ژنوتیپ-ایدئوتیپ چند صفتی (MGIDI) برای اکوتیپ‌های مورد استفاده بر اساس صفات مختلف نشان داد که اکوتیپ‌های E3،E8  و E6 با داشتن کمترین مقادیر MGIDI در شرایط تنش شوری در هر دو مرحله جوانه‌زنی و گیاه بالغ متحمل‌تر بودند. علاوه بر این، در هر دو مرحله رشدی، اکوتیپ‌های E7 و E1 با بالاترین مقادیر  MGIDI، حساسیت بیشتری به تنش شوری نشان دادند. از اکوتیپ‌های متحمل ­تر انتخاب شده بر اساس شاخص MGIDI می‌توان برای تحقیقات و گزینش بیشتر در برنامه­ های اصلاحی این گیاه استفاده کرد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • تجزیه به عامل ها
  • تنش شوری
  • جغجغک
  • شاخص MGIDI

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Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
Volume 13, Issue 2
December 2023
Pages 43-60

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