Use of bridge species and rescue pollination for introducing the wild diploid 1EBN species germplasm to cultivated potatoes

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Department of Horticultural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

The commercial potato is an autotetraploid with a narrow genetic base, while wild diploid potato species are sources of genetic diversity and genes for resistance to most of the biotic and abiotic stresses along with quality traits. However, the utilization of wild species in potato breeding is restricted by pre- and post-zygotic crossing barriers resulting from different ploidy levels, endosperm balance number, or genomic structure. Diploid 1EBN species, due to such barriers, are considered the tertiary germplasm for potato breeding. Here we used Solanum verrucosum, a rare self-compatible wild diploid potato, as a bridge species along with rescue pollination and indolebutyric acid (IBA) application for germplasm transferring from four 1EBN species including S. commersonii, S. bulbocastanum, S. cardiophylum, and S. pinnatisectum. Results showed that rescue pollination for fruit retention seems slightly better than the IBA application. The same results were also obtained for the seed set. IBA mainly led to fully parthenocarpic fruits. Seeds obtained from these crosses had gibberellic acid resistance dormancy and low germination capacity. As it was expected, the crossability of S. commersonii with S. verrucosum was better than the other three species. Interspecific S. verrucosum × S. commersonii hybrids showed both male and female fertility. However, they were crossable with the cultivated diploid potato species S. phureja just as the female parent.

Keywords


References
Alpers A and Jansky S, 2019. Diploid true potato seed: relationships among seed weight, germination and seedling vigor. American Journal of Potato Research 96: 217-224.
Carputo D, Barone A, Cardi T, Sebastiano A, Frusciante L, and Peloquin SJ, 1997. Endosperm balance number manipulation for direct in vivo germplasm introgression to potato from sexually isolated relative (Solanum commersonii Dun.). Genetics 94: 12013-12017.
Carputo D, Cardi T, Palta JP, Sirianni P, and L. Frusciante, 2000. Tolerance to low temperatures and tuber soft rot in hybrids between Solanum commersonii and Solanum tuberosum obtained through manipulation of ploidy and endosperm balance number (EBN). Plant Breeding 119: 127-130.
Dinu II, Hayes RJ, Kynast RG, Phillips RL and Thill CA, 2005. Novel inter-serries hybrids in Solanum, section Petota. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 110: 403-415.
Hanneman Jr RE, 1994. Assignment of endosperm balance number to the tuber–bearing Solanums and their close non–tuber–bearing relatives. Euphytica 74: 19-25.
Hawkes JG, 1994.  Origins of cultivated potatoes and species relationships. In: Bradshaw JE and Mackay GR (eds.). Potato Genetics. CAB Int., Wallingford, UK, pp. 3-43.
Hosaka K and Sanetomo R, 2020. Broadening genetic diversity of the Japanese potato gene pool. American Journal of Potato Research 97: 127-142.

Jackson SA and Hanneman Jr RE, 1999. Crossability between cultivated and wild tuber- and non–tuber-bearing Solanums. Euphytica 109: 51-67.

Jansky S and Hamernik A, 2009. The introgression of 2x 1EBN Solanum species into the cultivated potato using Solanum verrucosum as a bridge. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 56: 1107-1115.

Jansky S, Charkowski AO, Douches DS, Gusmini G, Richael  C, Paul C, Bethke PC, Spooner DM, Novy RG, De Jong WS, Bamberg JB., Thompson L, Bizimungu B, Holm DG, Brown CR, Haynes KG, Sathuvalli VR, Veilleux RE, Miller J, Bradeen JM, and Jiang J, 2016. Reinventing potato as a diploid inbred line based crop. Crop Science 56: 1412–1422.
Machida-Hirano, R. 2015. Diversity of potato genetic resources. Breeding Science 65: 26-40.
Muthoni J, Shimelis H,  Melis R, and Kabira J, 2012. Reproductive biology and early generation's selection in conventional potato breeding. Australian Journal of Crop Sciences 6(3): 488-497.
Novy RG and  Hanneman Jr RE, 1991. Hybridization between GP. Tuberosum haploids and 1EBN wild potato species. American Potato Journal 68: 151-169.
Ordoñez B, Orrillo M, and Bonierbale MW, 2017. Technical manual potato reproductive and cytological biology. International Potato Center (CIP), Lima, Peru.
Ortiz R and Mihovilovich E, 2020. Genetic and cytogenetics of the potato. In : Campos H and  Ortiz O (eds.). The Potato Crop. Springer, pp. 219-247.
Peloquin SJ, Boiteux LS, and Carputo D, 1999. Meiotic mutatnt in potato: valuable variants. Genetics 153: 1493-1499.
Yermishin AP, Polyukhovich YV, Voronkova EV, and Savchuk AV, 2014. Production of hybrids between the 2EBN bridge species Solanum verrucosum and 1EBN diploid potato species. American Journal of Potato Research. 91: 610-617.