The potential of the new synthetic variety of Iranian sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.)

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Horticulture and Crops Research Department, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) is a perennial forage legume, widely distributed in the northern temperate region and has received renewed interest in the world. This experiment was carried out to proceed from the previously-produced Syn1 generation of a new synthetic variety to the Syn2 generation. The Syn2 generation was produced and evaluated during the 2015-2019 growing seasons. In the first two years, the seeds of the Syn2 generation and composite varieties were produced in completely isolated condition. Then, the Syn2 generation along with the Composite, Sarab, and Bostan-Abad varieties were evaluated in the field conditions for three years (2017-2019). Significant differences were observed for the fresh and dry matter yield and plant height among the studied sainfoin varieties. The Synthetic variety showed the highest annual fresh forage yield (36785 kg ha-1) which was significantly different from other varieties. A similar result was obtained for the annual total dry matter yield, and the Synthetic variety showed the highest dry matter yield (11715 kg ha-1). The superiority of the Synthetic variety over the average of the ecotypes of Sarab and Bostan-Abad was about 25% for the dry matter and fresh forage yield. The plant height of the Synthetic variety was 83 cm, which was higher than other varieties. Among the studied varieties, no significant differences were observed for the traits related to forage quality. The protein content, total ash, crude fiber, water-soluble carbohydrates, and acid detergent fiber in the Synthetic variety were 18.52, 7.40, 19.95, 44.70, and 19.6%, respectively. The results indicated 

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

پتانسیل رقم جدید سنتتیک اسپرس ایرانی (.Onobrychis viciifolia Scop)

Author [Persian]

  • حسن منیری فر
بخش تحقیقات زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان‌شرقی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تبریز
Abstract [Persian]

اسپرس (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) از لگوم‌های علوفه‌ای چند ساله است که به طور گسترده در مناطق معتدل شمالی کشت می‌شود و اخیرا کشت و کار آن در دنیا مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. این پژوهش برای اصلاح و معرفی رقم جدید سنتتیک اسپرس در مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان آذربایجان‌شرقی از سال 1395 تا سال 1399 اجرا شد. در دو سال اول اجرای آزمایش، واریته ­های کمپوزیت و سنتتیک 2 در شرایط کاملا ایزوله تولید و سپس ارزیابی شدند. واریته ­های مورد ارزیابی شامل اکوتیپ‌های بستان‌آباد و سراب و واریته های سنتتیک 2 و کمپوزیت به دست آمده از 28 اکوتیپ بودند. بین واریته ­های اسپرس مورد بررسی از نظر عملکرد علوفه تر و ماده خشک اختلاف معنی‌دار مشاهده شد. بیشترین عملکرد سالانه علوفه تر برابر با 36785 کیلوگرم در هکتار متعلق به واریته سنتتیک بود که به طور معنی‌دار متفاوت از سایر واریته ­ها بود. از نظر مجموع سالانه عملکرد ماده خشک نیز نتیجه مشابهی حاصل شد و واریته سنتتیک با تولید 11715 کیلوگرم ماده خشک در هر هکتار بیشترین تولید را نشان داد. برتری واریته سنتتیک از نظر عملکرد علوفه تر و ماده خشک نسبت به متوسط دو اکوتیپ سراب و بستان آباد حدود 25 درصد بود. میانگین ارتفاع بوته واریته سنتتیک 83 سانتی‌متر بود که بیشتر از ارتفاع بوته سایر واریته ­ها بود. بین واریته­ های مورد بررسی از نظر صفات مربوط به کیفیت علوفه اختلاف معنی‌داری مشاهده نشد. میزان پروتئین، خاکستر کل، فیبر خام، کربوهیدرات‌های محلول در آب و فیبر نامحلول در شوینده اسیدی در واریته سنتتیک به ترتیب 18/52، 7/40، 19/95، 44/70 و 19/6 درصد بود. به طورکلی نتایج نشان داد که واریته سنتتیک اصلاح شده از پتانسیل لازم برای معرفی به عنوان یک رقم زراعی برخوردار است.

Keywords [Persian]

  • علوفه تر
  • کیفیت علوفه
  • ماده خشک
  • واریته سنتتیک

References

 
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Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
Volume 12, Issue 2
December 2022
Pages 85-92

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