Effects of zeolite, vermiculite, and superabsorbent application on agronomic and physiological traits of safflower in response to water-deficit stress

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Agronomy, Malekan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Malekan, Iran

2 Department of Horticultural Science, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, Iran

Abstract

Drought is the most important stress factor that reduces plant growth and yield. However, the application of moisture absorbents may decrease the negative effects of drought. This study aims to investigate the effect of irrigation levels (irrigation after 140, 100, and 70 mm evaporation from pan evaporation) and moisture absorbents (without moisture absorbent, superabsorbent, vermiculite, zeolite, and the combined use of all three moisture absorbents) on yield components and physiological characteristics of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L. cv. Goldasht). This experiment was performed in 1397 and 1398 as the split-plot design using the randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that under 140 mm evaporation due to the severe drought, seed yield and oil yield declined by 36.3% and 46.6%, respectively, as compared to the 70 mm evaporation. As usual, drought increased the malondialdehyde content significantly. Water absorbent treatments increased the grain yield as compared to the control. However, there were no significant differences in the effect of water absorbents on the grain yield but the most effective moisture absorbent to increase the oil yield was zeolite. Oleic and palmitic acids percent increased due to drought, while the amount of linoleic acid decreased with increasing the irrigation intervals. In conclusion, the results showed that the use of moisture absorbents alleviated the adverse effects of drought stress on the safflower yield and some yield components.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

اثرات کاربرد زئولیت، ورمیکولیت و سوپرجاذب روی پاسخ‌های زراعی و فیزیولوژیکی گیاه گلرنگ در شرایط کم‌آبی تحت رژیم‌های آبیاری مختلف

Authors [Persian]

  • الناز فرج زاده معماری تبریزی 1
  • مرضیه باباش پور اصل 2
1 گروه زراعت، واحد ملکان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ملکان
2 گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد مراغه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مراغه
Abstract [Persian]

خشکی مهم‌ترین عامل تنش‌زایی است که رشد و عملکرد گیاهان را کاهش می‌دهد ولی کاربرد جاذب‌های رطوبتی ممکن است اثرات منفی خشکی را تا حدودی برطرف نماید. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تأثیر سطوح آبیاری (آبیاری پس از 140 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک، آبیاری پس از 100 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک و آبیاری پس از 70 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک) و کاربرد جاذب‌های رطوبتی (عدم کاربرد جاذب رطوبتی‌، سوپرجاذب‌، ورمیکولیت‌، زئولیت و کاربرد توأم هر سه جاذب رطوبتی) بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد و خصوصیات فیزیولوژیک گلرنگ (رقم گلدشت) بود. این آزمایش در دو سال 1397 و 1398 و در هر سال به صورت طرح اسپیلت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل در سه تکرار اجرا گردید. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده از این مطالعه، عملکرد دانه و روغن گلرنگ تحت تأثیر تیمار تنش شدید کم ­آبی پس از 140 میلی متر تبخیر از تشتک به ترتیب به میزان 36/4 و 46/6 درصد کاهش یافت. طبق معمول، خشکسالی محتوای مالون دی آلدئید را به طور قابل توجهی افزایش داد. تیمارهای جاذب رطوبتی عملکرد دانه را نسبت به شاهد افزایش دادند. با این حال، تفاوت معنی­ داری بین اثر تیمارهای جاذب رطوبتی بر عملکرد دانه وجود نداشت؛ اما مؤثرترین تیمار جاذب رطوبتی در افزایش عملکرد روغن، زئولیت بود. در این مطالعه درصد اسید اولئیک و اسید پالمیتیک تحت تأثیر کم‌آبی افزایش نشان داد در حالی که میزان اسید لینولنیک با کاهش آب آبیاری کاهش یافت. به طور کلی نتایج نشان داد که استفاده از جاذب ­های رطوبتی اثرات نامطلوب تنش خشکی بر عملکرد گلرنگ و برخی اجزای عملکرد را کاهش می­ دهد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • جاذب رطوبتی
  • خشکی
  • کیفیت روغن
  • گلرنگ

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Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
Volume 12, Issue 1
May 2022
Pages 1-13

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