Improvement of yield-related traits of spring rapeseed in response to nano-superabsorbent and bio-fertilizers under water deficit conditions

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD student, Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

2 Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

3 Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

A two-year experiment was performed to evaluate the efficacies of nano-superabsorbent and bio-fertilizers on the field performance of rapeseed under different levels of irrigation in 2018 and 2019. The experiment was arranged as the split-plot factorial based on a randomized complete block design with three replications. Three irrigation levels (I1, I2, I3: irrigation after 70, 120, and 170 mm evaporation from class A pan, respectively) were arranged in main plots and factorial combination of two levels of nano-superabsorbent (0 and 45 kg ha-1) and four levels of bio-fertilizers (control, Azotobacter and Enterobacter, chitosan, and bacteria + chitosan) in sub-plots. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, hydrogen peroxide, osmolytes, and malondialdehyde content were increased under I2 and I3. This reaction led to a decline in leaf water content, membrane stability index, leaf protein content, and yield-related traits. Application of bio-fertilizers especially chitosan + plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPR) with and without nano-superabsorbent increased antioxidant enzymes activities. Utilization of nano-superabsorbent decreased the activity of these enzymes. The lack of reduction in these traits by application of nano-superabsorbent + bio-fertilizers indicates that the additive effect of chitosan + bacteria is more than the reduction effect of nano-superabsorbent on these enzymes' activity. The utilization of nano-superabsorbent with bio-fertilizers increased these enzymes’ activities through higher nitrogen retention in the soil and increased fertilizer effect. The utilization of chitosan, PGPR, and nano-superabsorbent, especially chitosan + PGPR + nano-superabsorbent, decreased proline content, however, increased soluble sugars, protein, chlorophyll, leaf water contents, and membrane stability index, and consequently, these treatments affected yield-related traits of rapeseed under water stress conditions.

Keywords


Article Title [Persian]

بهبود صفات مرتبط با عملکرد کلزای بهاره در پاسخ به نانو سوپرجاذب و کود زیستی در شرایط کم آبی

Authors [Persian]

  • هاجر والی پور 1
  • جلیل شفق-کلوانق 2
  • کاظم قاسمی گلعذانی 2
  • سعیده علیزاده سالطه 3
1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز
2 گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز
3 گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز
Abstract [Persian]

آزمایشی دو ساله به منظور بررسی اثر نانو سوپرجاذب و کود زیستی بر عملکرد کلزا تحت سطوح مختلف آبیاری در سال‌های 1397 و 1398 انجام شد. آزمایش‌ها به‌صورت اسپلیت­پلات-فاکتوریل بر پایه­ی طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار با سه سطح آبیاری (I1، I2 و I3: به­ترتیب آبیاری پس از 70، 120 و 170 میلی‌متر تبخیر از تشتک کلاس (A در کرت‌های اصلی و دو سطح نانوسوپرجاذب (0 و 45 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و چهار سطح کود زیستی (شاهد، ازتوباکتر و انتروباکتر، کیتوزان و باکتری + کیتوزان) به صورت فاکتوریل در کرت­های فرعی ارزیابی شد. فعالیت آنزیم­های آنتی اکسیدان، پراکسید هیدروژن، محتوای اسمولیت ها و مالون دی آلدئید تحت I2 و I3 افزایش یافت. این واکنش منجر به کاهش محتوای آب برگ، شاخص پایداری غشا، محتوای پروتئین برگ و صفات مربوط به عملکرد شد. کاربرد کودهای زیستی به ویژه کیتوزان + باکتری­های محرک رشد گیاه (PGPR) با و بدون نانو سوپرجاذب سبب افزایش فعالیت آنزیم­های آنتی اکسیدان شد. استفاده از نانو سوپرجاذب باعث کاهش فعالیت این آنزیم­ها شد. عدم کاهش این صفات با کاربرد نانو سوپرجاذب + کودهای زیستی نشان می­دهد که اثر افزایشی کیتوزان + باکتری بیش از اثر کاهشی نانو سوپرجاذب بر فعالیت این آنزیم­ها بود. کاربرد نانوسوپرجاذب با کودهای زیستی سبب افزایش فعالیت این آنزیم­ها از طریق حفظ نیتروژن بیشتر در خاک و افزایش اثر کود شد. استفاده از کیتوزان، PGPR  و نانو سوپرجاذب، به ویژه کیتوزان  + PGPR + نانو سوپرجاذب، محتوای پرولین را کاهش داد، ولی قندهای محلول، پروتئین، کلروفیل، محتوای آب برگ و شاخص پایداری غشاء را افزایش داد و در نتیجه این تیمارها صفات مرتبط با عملکرد کلزا را در شرایط تنش کم­آبی را تحت تأثیر قرار داد.
 

Keywords [Persian]

  • باکتری
  • پایداری غشاء
  • پرولین
  • کیتوزان
  • کلروفیل
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