Unraveling genotype-isolate interaction in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)- Sclerotinia pathosystem using GGE biplot method

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, PO Box 165, Urmia, Iran

2 Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Urmia University, PO Box 165, Urmia, Iran

Abstract

 
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is one of the most important oilseed crops in the world. Basal stem rot, caused by Sclerotinia spp., is an important disease of sunflower causing considerable yield losses worldwide. Effective improvement for disease resistance relies on the understanding of the interaction between pathogen and host. A total of 100 sunflower genotypes from different worldwide agricultural research institutions were evaluated for their responses to three isolates of each of the S. sclerotiorum and S. minor at the seedling stage in the controlled conditions. Remarkable significant host-pathogen isolate interaction indicates the existence of vertical or isolate-specific resistance in the studied sunflower germplasm against Sclerotinia spp. Genotype-by-pathogen biplot analysis was performed to observe the pathogenicity of the two fungi on host genotypes and facilitate the simultaneous visualization of the relationship among the pathogens and genotypes. The first two principal components accounted for 95.86% and 79.77% of the total variation of the genotype-isolate interaction of S. sclerotrium and S. minor, respectively. The GGE biplot related to S. Sclerotiorum isolates depicted that out of the studied genotypes, "H100A/LC1064" was resistant against the A37 isolate of S. Sclerotiorum. Among the examined germplasm, the genotype "1059" was identified as the resistant genotype against the J2 isolate of S. Sclerotiorum. None of the genotypes were resistant to the J1 isolate of S. Sclerotiorum. Regarding the generated biplot for S. minor, "8A*/LC1064C" was the most resistant sunflower genotype against the M1 isolate of S. minor. The genotype "H205A/83HR4" was located in vertex near to A1 and G2 isolates and, therefore, was resistant to these isolates of S. minor. The genetic variation detected within the sunflower collections can be utilized for the selection of diverse parents in the resistant breeding programs as well as the development of mapping populations for the QTL analysis of resistance to S. sclerotiorum and S. minor.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

تجزیه GGE بای پلات اثر متقابل جدایه-ژنوتیپ در پاتوسیستم آفتابگردان-اسکلروتینیا

Authors [Persian]

  • خدیجه موسی خلیفانی 1
  • رضا درویش زاده 1
  • مسعود ابرین بنا 2
  • هادی علیپور 2
1 گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه
2 گروه گیا‌هپزشکی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه
Abstract [Persian]

آفتابگردان (Helianthus annuus L.) یکی از مهمترین محصولات دانه روغنی در جهان است. پوسیدگی پایه ساقه، ناشی از Sclerotinia spp. ، یکی از بیماری­ های مهم آفتابگردان است که باعث از بین رفتن قابل توجه عملکرد در سراسر جهان می ­شود. بهبود مؤثر برای مقاومت در برابر بیماری متکی به درک متقابل بین عامل بیماری­ زا و میزبان است. در این مطالعه، واکنش 100 ژنوتیپ آفتابگردان از مؤسسات تحقیقاتی مختلف کشاورزی در جهان به سه جدایه از هر یک از گونه­ های S. sclerotiorum و S. minor در مرحله گیاهچه در شرایط کنترل شده بررسی شد. وجود اثر متقابل معنی­ دار حاکی از مقاومت جدایه اختصاصی یا عمودی در برابر گونه­ های اسکلروتینیا در ژرم­ پلاسم آفتابگردان مورد مطالعه است. تجزیه و تحلیل بای­ پلات ژنوتیپ - پاتوژن برای تشریح بیماری­ زایی دو قارچ روی ژنوتیپ­ های میزبان انجام شد که تجسم همزمان رابطه بین عامل بیماری­ زا و ژنوتیپ را تسهیل می­ کند. دو مؤلفه اصلی اول در تجزیه بای­ پلات به ترتیب 86/95 و 77/79  از تغییرات کل در تعاملات جدایه-ژنوتیپ گونه­ های S. sclerotrium و S. minor را توجیه کردند. GGE بای­ پلات مربوط به جدایه­ های S. sclerotiorum نشان داد که ژنوتیپ "H100A/LC1064" از ژرم­ پلاسم مورد مطالعه در برابر جدایه A37 از S. sclerotiorum مقاوم است. از بین ژنوتیپ­ های مورد مطالعه، ژنوتیپ "1059" به عنوان ژنوتیپ مقاوم در برابر جدایه J2 از S. sclerotiorum شناخته شد. ژنوتیپ مقاومی برای جدایه J1 گونه S. sclerotiorum شناسایی نشد. در ارتباط با تجزیه GGE بای­ پلات انجام گرفته برای گونه S. minor، ژنوتیپ "8A*/LC1064C" مقاوم­ ترین ژنوتیپ آفتابگردان در برابر جدایه M1 از گونه S. minor بود. ژنوتیپ "H205A/83HR4" واقع در رئوس نزدیک به جدایه­های A1 و  G2 گونه S. minor به این جدایه­ها مقاوم بود. تنوع ژنتیکی شناسایی شده در مجموعه ژرم­ پلاسم آفتابگردان مورد مطالعه می ­تواند در انتخاب والدین متنوع برای برنامه ­های اصلاح برای مقاومت و همچنین برای توسعه جمعیت­ های مکان­­ یابی برای شناسایی و تجزیه و تحلیل QTL­های دخیل در مقاومت در برابر گونه­ های S. sclerotiorum و S. minor استفاده شود.

Keywords [Persian]

  • آفتابگردان؛ اثر متقابل عامل بیماری زا-میزبان
  • پوسیدگی پایه ساقه اسکلروتینیایی؛ تجزیه بای پلات؛ مقاومت به بیماری؛ مقاومت جدایه اختصاصی

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Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
Volume 11, Issue 1
June 2021
Pages 109-121

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