Biochemical responses of sugar beet plant to phytoprotectants and vermicompost under moisture stress

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture , Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

2 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.

3 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture , Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.

Abstract

In recent years, with the spread of drought and increasing demand for water, the need for water management in irrigation of plants has become more apparent. Present investigation studied yield-related biochemical responses of sugar beet to vermicompost and phytoprotectants to mitigate drought stress based on a split-plot-factorial design with three replications. The main plots consisted of irrigation at 90%, 70%, 50%, and 30% field capacity (FC). The subplots subjected to treatments comprised a factorial combination of vermicompost (0 and 7 Mg/ha) and foliar application of phytoprotectants [distilled water as a control, zinc (5μM), silicon (4mM), glycine betaine (4mM) and ascorbic acid (0.5mM)]. The findings showed that concentration of ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, were significantly enhanced under stress conditions. Despite the higher sugar percentage, the lower root yield and biomass were recorded in the plants irrigated with 30 and 50% FC. Sugar content increased gradually in response to increasing in water deficit (from 70% to 30% FC). Root yield increased insignificantly with zink, glycine betaine, and ascorbic acid treatments. The highest root yield was obtained at 70% FC that followed by other water regimes (90, 50, and 30% FC, respectively). Malondialdehyde increased with increasing stress level but it decreased when phytoprotectants, especially glycine betaine, were applied. Vermicompost treatment had positive effect on the prevention of lipid peroxidation.  It can be concluded that phytoprotectants and vermicompost protect sugar beet plants from drought-induced oxidative stress, and improve root and sugar yield by enhancing plant water-stress tolerance.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

پاسخ های بیوشیمیایی گیاه چغندر قند به محافظ‌های گیاهی و ورمی کمپوست تحت تنش رطوبت

Authors [Persian]

  • جلال آرژه 1
  • علیرضا پیرزاد 2
  • مهدی تاجبخش 3
  • سویل محمدزاده 3
1 گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه.
2 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه.
3 گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه.
Abstract [Persian]

در سال‌های اخیر، با گسترش خشکسالی و همچنین افزایش تقاضا برای آب، نیاز به مدیریت آب در آبیاری گیاهان بیشتر نمایان شده است. در تحقیق حاضر پاسخ­ های بیوشیمیایی مربوط به عملکرد چغندرقند از طریق ورمی­ کمپوست و محافظ ­های گیاهی برای کاهش اثر تنش خشکی بر پایه طرح اسپلیت پلات فاکتوریل با سه تکرار مطالعه شد. کرت‌های اصلی شامل آبیاری در 90%، 70%، 50% و 30% درصد ظرفیت زراعی بود. کرت‌های فرعی شامل ترکیب فاکتوریل از ورمی ­کمپوست (0 و 7 مگاگرم در هکتار) و محلول­ پاشی محافظ‌های گیاهی (آب مقطر به عنوان شاهد، روی 5 میکرو مولار، سیلیسیم 4 میلی مولار، گلایسین بتائین 4 میلی مولار و اسید اسکوربیک 0.5 میلی مولار) بود. غلظت آنزیم­ های کاتالاز، سوپراکسید دیسموتاز، آسکوربات پراکسیداز، دهیدرواسکوربات ردوکتاز و گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز در شرایط تنش کم­ آبی به طور قابل توجهی افزایش یافت. با وجود درصد قند بالاتر، عملکرد ریشه و زیست‌توده کمتری در تیمارهای 30 و 50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی مشاهده شد. با افزایش کمبود آب (از 70 به 30 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) درصد قند در چغندرقند به تدریج افزایش یافت. مالون دی‌آلدئید با افزایش سطح تنش افزایش یافت ولی با کاربرد محافظ­ های گیاهی به ویژه گلایسین بتائین کاهش پیدا کرد. ورمی‌کمپوست در جلوگیری از پراکسیداسیون لیپید تأثیر مثبت داشت. می­ توان نتیجه گرفت که محافظ ­های گیاهی و ورمی کمپوست از گیاه چغندرقند در برابر تنش اکسیداتیو ناشی از خشکی محافظت می­ کنند و با افزایش تحمل به تنش آب عملکرد ریشه و قند را بهبود می­ بخشند.

Keywords [Persian]

  • آبسیزیک اسید
  • آبیاری
  • آنتی اکسیدان
  • چغندرقند
  • گلایسین بتائین
  • سیلیکون

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Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
Volume 11, Issue 1
June 2021
Pages 17-31

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