Influence of textile dyes on some morphological, biochemical and physiological characteristics of broad bean (Vicia faba L.)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

2 Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

3 Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of textile dyes on some morphological and biochemical traits of board bean at a greenhouse of University of Tabriz, Iran, in 2016. Three types of dye (Acid Yellow, Acid Red, Direct Blue) and five dye concentrations (0, 30, 50, 70 and 90 mg/L) were studied using a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments were applied at seedling, pre-flowering and flowering stages. In this experiment, seed number, leaf number, peroxidase (POX) and catalase (CAT) activities, decolorization percentage and protein content were measured at all three stages of development.  Results indicated that the effect of dye concentrations was significant on POX, CAT, leaf number, seed number and decolorization percentage at pre-flowering and flowering stages, and on protein content at all stages, whereas type of dye only had significant effect on seed number, protein content at pre-flowering and on CAT activity at both pre-flowering and flowering stages. Interaction of dye type with dye concentration was only significant for decolorization percentage at pre-flowering and flowering stages. The greatest increase in POX and CAT activities, and protein content were observed with 90 mg/L dye concentration at both pre-flowering and flowering stages; however, highest seed number were observed with the control treatment (0 mg/L dye concentrations) at pre-flowering and flowering stages. We may conclude that although absorbing dye by plants imposed a stress on them, but they were able to survive under this stress. Therefore, we might consider broad bean as one of the efficient plants for phytoremediation.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

تاثیر مواد رنگزا بر برخی صفات مورفولوژیک، بیوشیمیایی و فیزیولوژیک باقلا (.Vicia faba L)

Abstract [Persian]

به منظور بررسی گیاه پالایی پساب رنگی توسط باقلا و اثرات رنگ بر این گیاه آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک­­ های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال­ زراعی 1395 در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه تبریز، به اجرا در ­آمد. فاکتور اول نوع رنگ در سه سطح، شامل رنگ زرد اسیدی (Acid Yellow)، قرمز اسیدی (Acid Red) و آبی دایرکت (Direct Blue) و فاکتور دوم غلظت رنگ در پنج سطح شامل صفر، 30، 50، 70 و 90 میلی گرم بر لیتر ماده رنگی بود. تیمارها در سه مرحله گیاهچه ­­ای، قبل از گلدهی و گلدهی ارزیابی شدند. در این پژوهش برخی صفات شامل درصد تجزیه رنگ، تعداد دانه، تعداد برگ، میزان پروتئین و فعالیت پراکسیداز و کاتالاز مورد اندازه­­ گیری قرار گرفتند. اثر غلظت رنگ در مراحل قبل از گلدهی و گلدهی بر میزان پراکسیداز، کاتالاز، تعداد برگ، تعداد دانه و درصد تجزیه رنگ و در هر سه مرحله روی میزان پروتئین معنی­­ دار بود، در حالی که  نوع رنگ فقط بر تعداد دانه و میزان پروتئین در مرحله قبل از گلدهی و فعالیت کاتالاز در هر دو مرحله قبل از گلدهی و گلدهی تأثیر معنی ­داری داشت. اثر متقابل نوع رنگ با غلظت رنگ فقط در مورد درصد تجزیه رنگ، در مراحل قبل از گلدهی و گلدهی، معنی­­ دار  شد. بیشترین میزان فعالیت­  POX و CAT و درصد پروتئین با غلظت رنگ 90 میلی گرم در لیتر در هر دو مرحله قبل از گلدهی و گلدهی مشاهده شد؛ با این حال، بیشترین تعداد دانه در غلظت صفر میلی گرم در لیتر رنگ در مراحل قبل از گلدهی و گلدهی به دست آمد. می­­ توان نتیجه گرفت که اگرچه جذب رنگ توسط باقلا مقداری تنش بر آن تحمیل کرد، ولی این گیاه توانست تحت این تنش زنده بماند. بنابراین، ممکن است گیاه باقلا را به عنوان یکی از گیاهان کارآمد برای گیاه ­­پالایی توصیه کرد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • باقلا
  • تعداد دانه
  • رنگزا
  • رنگ زدایی
  • گیاه پالایی

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Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
Volume 9, Issue 2
December 2019
Pages 47-56

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