University of TabrizJournal of Plant Physiology and Breeding2008-516810220201229Non-destructive model to estimate leaf area in Epilobium speciesمدل غیر تخریبی تخمین سطح برگ در گونه های اپیلوبیوم1121309710.22034/jppb.2020.13097ENShimaAbbasi-KarinDepartment of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, IRANGhasemKarimzadehDepartment of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran.0000-0001-8209-3287MitraMohammadi-BazarganiAgriculture Institute, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran.AliMokhtassi-BidgoliDepartment of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University (TMU), Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20200208Leaf area (LA) is one of valuable parameters in plant physiological studies. Therefore, the use of a non-destructive, accurate and simple model to estimate LA is very important. This research aimed to develop a non-destructive model to estimate LA accurately in <em>Epilobium</em> species. To estimate LA, leaf length (L) and leaf width (W) of five <em>Epilobium</em> species were determined. Moreover, the actual leaf area, using leaf area meter was measured. Regression analysis of LA versus L, W and LW revealed several models to predict LA in <em>Epilobium</em> species. Out of the models, the best fitted and validated model which is recommended to estimate LA accurately in each species, was quadratic model based on two dimensions (L and W), including the <em>E. algidum </em>(LA = 0.1264 + 0.6562 (L×W) + 0.0366 (L×W)<sup>2</sup>), <em>E. parviflorum</em> (LA = – 3.144 + 1.323 (L×W) – 0.030 (L×W)<sup>2</sup>(, <em>E</em>. sp. (LA = 0.4236 + 0.3033 (L×W) + 0.1368 (L×W)<sup>2</sup>), <em>E. hirsutum</em> (LA= 2.2417 + 0.2202 (L×W) + 0.0029 (L×W)<sup>2</sup>), and <em>E. frigidum</em> (LA = 0.2119 + 0.4162 (L×W) + 0.1191 (L×W)<sup>2</sup>), all with R<sup>2 </sup>≥ 0.80.https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13097_c94fdb62febea7750af3029edfe452e4.pdfUniversity of TabrizJournal of Plant Physiology and Breeding2008-516810220201229Priming with L-arginine reduces oxidative damages in Carthamus tinctorius seedlings under the toxic levels of leadاستفاده از ال-آرژنین به منظور کاهش آسیب های اکسیداتیو در گیاهچه های گلرنگ
تحت سطوح سمی سرب13261309810.22034/jppb.2020.13098ENFatemehNasibiDepartment of Biology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.MansoorehKhodashenasAgricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Kerman, Iran.NahidNasibiDepartment of Biotechnology, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.Journal Article20200128Lead (Pb) stress adversely affects plant nutrient homeostasis and metabolism when present at an elevated concentrations in the surrounding media. In this research, the effects of 1mM Pb(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> on 14-day-old <em>Carthamus tinctorius</em> seedlings pretreated with arginine (Arg) as nitric oxide (NO) precursor, methylene blue (MB), a nitric oxide scavenger and N<sup>ω</sup>-nitro-L-Arg-methyl ester (LNAME) and a nitric oxide biosynthetic inhibitor, were investigated in the greenhouse of the Department of Biology, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran. Pb exposure caused oxidative stress, reduced root and shoot growth and elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the seedlings. Pb stress also increased the ascorbate peroxidase activity while decreasing the activity of the catalase (CAT) enzyme. Arg pretreatment decreased the harmful effects of Pb stress by increasing the root and shoot length and reducing the MDA content. Additionally, Pb-induced reduction of CAT enzyme activity in roots was reversed by the Arg pretreatment of the plants. In many characteristics which we measured, the effects of Arg pretreatment on alleviation of Pb-induced oxidative stress were reversed by LNAME and methylene blue pretreatments. Therefore, it seems that Arg induces a positive effect through NO production. Data showed that in the presence of Arg, the uptake and translocation of Pb declined and the application of Arg with LNAME or MB reversed these positive effects of Arg. It seems that Arg can alleviate lead toxicity in plants through the prevention of Pb uptake and promoting the direct scavenging of reactive oxygen species or activating antioxidant enzymes. Also, results from the use of LNAME and MB indicated that the positive effect of Arg is probably related to its role in NO production.https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13098_ef5286caf3a2a126935ec15d8721b227.pdfUniversity of TabrizJournal of Plant Physiology and Breeding2008-516810220201229Combined hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide priming modulate salt stress tolerance in acclimated and non-acclimated oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) plantsبهبود تحمل به شوری در گیاه کلزا توسط پرایمینگ ترکیبی پراکسید هیدروژن و اکسید نیتریک در شرایط عادت دهی و بدون عادت دهی به شوری27431309910.22034/jppb.2020.13099ENZahraKarimiDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.JalilKharaDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.GhaderHabibiDepartment of Biology, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20200208We examined the combined effects of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) and nitric oxide (NO) on the responses of oilseed rape(<em>Brassica napus</em> L.) plants to salt stress under acclimated and non-acclimated conditions. The results of the shoot and root dry weight traits together with the measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA) indicated that salt acclimation with a low concentration of NaCl (50 mM) could not alleviate the inhibitory effect of high salinity (200 mM NaCl). Under acclimated conditions, seed priming with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> or NO resulted in effective protection against salt stress, however, maximum amelioration of salt stress was found by the combined treatments of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> + NO. Interestingly, in the salt-exposed non-acclimated plants, only seed priming with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> + NO was effective in improving salt tolerance. Pretreatment with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2 </sub>+ NO tended to limit Na translocation into photosynthetic organs to prevent salt damages. Additionally, a large increase in salicylic acid contentwas correlated with phenylalanine ammonia lyase activation and flavonoid biosynthesis was observed when oilseed rape plants exposed to salinity in the presence of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>+NO. Interestingly, in this study, endogenous NO content of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>–primed plants exhibited a significant increase under non-saline conditions, indicating that H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> influences NO accumulation. In addition, oilseed rape plants primed with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2 </sub>+ NO exhibited lower MDA and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> content, contributing to the better induction of antioxidative enzyme activities. Higher levels of antioxidant enzyme activities maintained the integrity of cell membranes, resulting in better plant growth under salt stress. Taken together, our results revealed that oilseed rape plants pretreated with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> + NO exhibited more effective tolerance to salt stress than plants that were pretreated with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> or NO alone.https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13099_c0dca2c9cd6c6fdc2ef2d74e228f841e.pdfUniversity of TabrizJournal of Plant Physiology and Breeding2008-516810220201201Antioxidant properties of two alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) ecotypes in response to sodium chloride salinity stressویژگی های آنتی اکسیدانی دو اکوتیپ یونجه (Medicago sativa L.) در پاسخ به تنش شوری
کلرید سدیم45581319210.22034/jppb.2020.13192ENSeyed AfshinHosseini-BoldajiDepartment of Biology, College of Sciences, Yadegar-e- Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre Rey Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.BabakBabakhaniDepartment of Biology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran.RezaHassan-Sajedi3Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.MahdiehHoushaniDepartment of Biology, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran.Journal Article20200205Biochemical and physiological responses of alfalfa under salinity stress were comparatively studied in a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design by using Yazdi as the tolerant and Diabolourde as the sensitive ecotypes. Salt levels of 100, 150 and 200 mM were prepared by adding sodium chloride to the Hoagland half-strength culture medium. Total phenolics content, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), β-glucosidase and antiradical activities of leave′s extract, stomata properties and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the leaves including <em>Fv/Fm</em> and <em>Fv/Fo</em> were measured in response to salinity stress. Stomata characters were reduced in both ecotypes but chlorophyll fluorescence parameters only declined in Diabolourde but not in the Yazdi ecotype. The PPO and β-glucosidase activities increased in both ecotypes. The phenolics content and antiradical activities increased in the Yazdi ecotype at all salt levels but those of Diabolurde increased only at the higher salinity levels. Our observations indicated that the Yazdi ecotype manipulated biochemical and physiological responses more efficiently to alleviate the reduction of growth parameters under salinity. https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13192_15ec021b2fbe203b1d920805a3b7e738.pdfUniversity of TabrizJournal of Plant Physiology and Breeding2008-516810220201229Evaluation of seed yield stability of barley promising genotypes using principal coordinates analysisارزیابی پایداری عملکرد دانه ی ژنوتیپ های امید بخش جو با استفاده از تجزیه به مولفه های هماهنگ اصلی59681319510.22034/jppb.2020.13195ENElnazRamziDepartment of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.AliAsghariDepartment of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.0000-0002-9761-2489OmidSofalianDepartment of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.0000-0001-5003-0492AsgharMehrabanMoghan Agricultural Research Center, Parsabad, Iran.AsgharEbadiDepartment of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.Journal Article20200428Analysis of the structure of genotype by environment (GE) interaction is essential in crop stability programs. To study the effects of GE interaction on the seed yield and identify stable genotypes of barley for warm and humid regions, 16 barley genotypes with two check cultivars were assayed in a randomized complete block design with four replications in Gachsaran, Moghan, Khorramabad and Gonbad regions for three years (2017-2019). Combined analysis of variance for yield data of 12 environments (year/location combined) showed significant differences among environments and genotypes and significant GE interaction. The GE interaction was examined using principal coordinates analysis (PCoA). Based on the deviation from the grand mean, 12 environments were divided into two main groups: five environments with higher mean yield and seven environments with lower mean yield. The most stable genotypes based on the minimum spanning tree and distance from the center of plots were G13 (2.43 kg/ha), G2 (2.38 kg/ha), G14 (2.29 kg/ha), which could be recommended for environments with a yield lower than the average mean of all studied environments. The results of the PCoA showed that the genotype G18 (2.32 kg/ha) was also located five times in the vertex positions of high cycles and so it can be recommended for favorable or high yielding environments.<br /><strong> </strong>https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13195_808e8cc300f863b554a239797dd06066.pdfUniversity of TabrizJournal of Plant Physiology and Breeding2008-516810220201229Evaluation of genotype × environment interaction for grain yield of promising genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa L.) derived from mutation induction using the GGE-biplot methodارزیابی اثرات متقابل ژنوتیپ و محیط برای عملکرد دانه تعدادی از ژنوتیپ های امیدبخش برنج (Oryza sativa L.) حاصل از القای جهش با استفاده از روش GGE-biplot69761326910.22034/jppb.2020.13269ENGholamrezaCheloeiDepartment of Plant Breeding,
Faculty of Crop Sciences,
Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.Gholam AliRanjbarDepartment of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.NadaliBabaeian-JelodarDepartment of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.NadaliBagheriDepartment of Plant Breeding, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran.MohammadzamanNouriRice Research Institute of Iran, Amol, Iran.Journal Article20200615The existence of genotype × environment interaction complicates the evaluation of cultivar performance and reduces gain to selection. One of the multivariate methods for interpreting genotype by environment interaction is GGE-Biplot, in which the main effect of genotype and genotype by environment interaction are investigated simultaneously. In this study, 13 mutant genotypes of rice along with three check cultivars Tarrom-Mahalli, Tarrom-Jelodar and Neda were evaluated for grain yield stability in the two locations of Sari and Tonekabon during the years 2016 and 2017 using randomized complete block design with three replications within each environment. The results of GGE-biplot analysis showed that the two first components explained 92.52% of the total yield variation. According to the polygon view, all four environments of the experiment were located in the place that the Neda cultivar was at the top. Genotypes 33, 30, 26, 31 were highly stable genotypes and genotypes 18, 16 and 25 were highly unstable. In this study, we found only one mega-environment. Also following Neda and Jelodar cultivars, genotype 31 was closest to the ideal genotype. Ton 95 was the most desirable environment.https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13269_01946abcdec744011a43b7623252ea51.pdfUniversity of TabrizJournal of Plant Physiology and Breeding2008-516810220201229Effect of 17β-estradiol on seedling and callus growth of German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.)تأثیر 17بتا-استرادیول بر رشد گیاهچه و کالوس در بابونه آلمانی (Matricaria chamomilla L.)77871327110.22034/jppb.2020.13271ENElnazNozariFormer MSc student of Agricultural Biotechnology, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.RasoolAsghari ZakariaDepartment of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.NasserZareDepartment of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.Journal Article20200605To study the effect of 17β-estradiol on seedling growth, antioxidant enzyme activity and also, on callus induction from leaf explants of German Chamomile (<em>Matricaria chamomilla</em> L.), an experiment was conducted as a completely randomized design with three replications using MS medium containing different concentrations of 17β-estradiol (0, 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 mg/l) alone or in combination with 3 mg/l Benzylaminopurine (BAP) + 0 or 1.5 mg/l 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The results showed that 17β-estradiol at 0.01 and 0.1 mg/l increased root and shoot length and weight, respectively and at high concentration (10 mg/l) increased peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and catalase activity of German chamomile seedlings. Also, the callus induction was observed after one to two weeks in all media, but the growth varied depending on the presence or absence of plant growth regulators and different concentrations of 17β-estradiol. Maximum callus weight was obtained in 0.01 mg/l of 17β-estradiol with about three-fold increase in comparison with the control (MS without17β-estradiol). This indicates that the 17-beta-estradiol at lower concentrations (0.01 mg/l) can significantly improve callus growth in the presence of plant growth regulators such as NAA and BAP. The results of this study indicate that using steroidal hormone 17β-estradiol can be used to optimize German chamomile cell growth under <em>in vitro</em> conditions.https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13271_3977cd8416228a20178ee7e1e24c66af.pdfUniversity of TabrizJournal of Plant Physiology and Breeding2008-516810220201201Transferability of wheat SSR markers for determination of genetic diversity and relationships of barley varietiesانتقال پذیری نشانگر های SSR گندم برای بررسی تنوع و روابط ژنتیکی ارقام جو89981327710.22034/jppb.2020.13277ENHomaZallaghiDepartment of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.Seyed AbolghasemMohammadiDepartment of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.MohammadMoghaddamِDepartment of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.0000-0002-3891-2350BehzadSadeghzadehDryland Agriculture Research Institute of Iran, Maragheh, Iran.Journal Article20200919Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers are simple PCR-based co-dominant markers, which are highly polymorphic and informative due to the number and frequency of alleles, and thus they are most utilized among the molecular markers. However, the development of SSR markers is costly and time-consuming. Cross-species transferability of SSRs allows the SSRs isolated from one species to apply on a closely related species, which increases the utility of previously isolated SSRs. This study demonstrated the cross-species transferability of 196 SSR primer pairs of wheat in genetic diversity analysis of 40 varieties of barley (<em>Hordeum vulgare</em> L.). Of the 196 SSR primer pairs assayed, 59 (30.1%) showed transferability. Of the 59 primer pairs, 21 pairs were polymorphic with the polymorphism information content ranging from 0.19 to 0.70. The number of alleles detected at each locus ranged from one to seven with an average of 3.57. Cluster analysis using the Minimum Evolution algorithm and the coefficient of Number of Differences assigned the genotypes into five groups.https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13277_25acaf29939adca31238920d545f4bdd.pdfUniversity of TabrizJournal of Plant Physiology and Breeding2008-516810220201229Comparing the efficiency of the three heterotic-group and traditional two heterotic-group classifications for the hybrid maize breedingمقایسه بازده سیستم سه گروه-هتروتیکی (TriHG) و دو گروه-هتروتیکی سنتی (DiHG)
برای اصلاح هیبرید ذرت991071352110.22034/jppb.2020.13521ENMohammadrezaShiriSeed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Iran.Journal Article20200410Increasing the efficiency of the hybrid-based maize breeding program has highly contributed to the heterotic group classification. The present study was aimed to compare the breeding efficiency of the three heterotic-group (TriHG) classification [Lancaster Sure Crop (LSC), Reid Yellow Dent (RYD), CIMMYT] system and usual two heterotic-group (DiHG) classification (RYD, LSC) system. To accomplish this, specific breeding efficiency (SBE) and general breeding efficiency (GBE) were estimated for the grain yield. The mating design was a line × tester scheme in which seven adapted tropical and subtropical lines were crossed to four testers. GBE increased by 128% in the TriHG classification system as compared to the DiHG system while no significant loss was observed in SBE. It seems that the TriHG system was advantageous over the DiHG system by improving the maize breeding efficiency. Therefore, using one tester from each of the three heterotic groups (RYD, LSC, CIMMYT) could be more efficient in hybrid-based maize breeding programs in temperate regions, including Iran.https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13521_0046c706e8c3acbed777333935a567d5.pdfUniversity of TabrizJournal of Plant Physiology and Breeding2008-516810220201229Interpretation of genotype × environment interaction for grain yield of barley using the GGE biplot methodتجزیه اثر متقابل ژنوتیپ × محیط برای عملکرد دانه جو با استفاده از روش GGE biplot1091191367010.22034/jppb.2020.13670ENBehrouzVaeziKohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Yasuj, IranHamidHatami MalekiDepartment of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.AliAhmadiLorestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Khorram-Abad, Iran.AsgharMehrabanArdabil Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO),Parsabad, IranRahmatollahMohammadiGolestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, IranZeinabSabziAgricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Ilam, IranNaserSabaghniaDepartment of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.Journal Article20201028The identification of the most favorable cultivar(s) with high yield and stable performance is usually done based on the analysis of the genotype × environment (GE) interaction. The yield stability of 16 barley lines with two check varieties was studied in a randomized complete block design with four replications across three years at five locations in a multi-environment trial layout. The dataset was analyzed with a GGE (genotype main effect (G) + GE interaction) biplot method. Results indicated that the first two principal components (PCs) explained 81, 78 and 71% of the GGE sum of squares for 2017, 2018 and 2019 growing seasons, respectively. According to the average environment coordinate abscissa, G2, G13 and G18 were the best genotypes in terms of grain yield in years 2017 and 2018 while genotypes G2, G7 and G14 were the highest yielding genotypes in 2019. When both yield performance and stability were considered simultaneously, the G2 and G13 genotypes in 2017 and G2, G8 and G13 in 2018, were closer to the ideal genotype. In 2019, G2, G7 and G14 were the best in terms of grain yield and stability. In the "which-won-where pattern", the five locations in 2017 fell into four sectors with different winning genotypes as G2, G5, G14 and G13. In 2018, the five locations fell into three sectors in which G2, G4 and G17 were the highest yielding genotypes while in 2019, locations were positioned in four sectors and G2, G7, G10 and G13 were chosen as the winning genotypes. However, for practical use of the “which-won-where” pattern, the mean performance of genotypes over three years in the five test locations was taken into account. Although the results revealed six mega-environments, by neglecting small differences, we can assume only one mega-environment in which G2 (the check variety Khorram) was the best performing genotype.https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13670_c11c78a4983aae626f9b7847b0ba33f3.pdfUniversity of TabrizJournal of Plant Physiology and Breeding2008-516810220201229Morphological and physiological responses to drought stress in eleven genotypes of the Juniperus speciesبررسی پاسخ های مرفولوژیکی و فیزیولوژیکی به تنش خشکی در یازده ژنوتیپ اُرس1211321368010.22034/jppb.2020.13680ENSaghiKeyghobadiDepartment of Horticultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.RezaFotouhi GhazviniDepartment of Horticultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.YahyaTajvarTechnology and Production Management Department, Citrus and Subtropical Research Fruits Center, Ramsar, Iran.AtefehSabouriDepartment of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.Journal Article20200908Drought is one of the most prevalent and critical environmental stresses affecting a variety of plants, particularly ornamental plants. One of the useful methods to alleviate the effect of drought stress is to screen for and develop drought-tolerant varieties. In this study, a factorial experiment based on the completely randomized design was conducted to investigate the responses of 11 genotypes from different<em> Juniperus</em> species at two irrigation regimes (normal, drought: not irrigated for a four-week period) in terms of growth and biochemical characters.Drought stress had a significant negative impact on the assessed growth characters. The G3 and G8 genotypes had the highest root fresh weight and root dry weight at both normal and water-deficit stress conditions. G3 showed the highest root volume at normal conditions but at the drought stress, the highest root volume belonged to G1 and G8. At drought stress conditions, the leaf fresh weight and dry weight of G9, G8, G6, G4, G3 and G11 were higher than other genotypes. The stem fresh weight of G3 and G11 and the stem dry weight of G11 and G8 manifested higher values than other genotypes when water deficit stress was imposed. Stem diameter decreased in the seedlings at the drought stress, however, G2, G3, G4, G8, G9 and G11 had higher values than others at stress conditions. The relative water content decreased in the plants under stress, however, the reduction in G3, G5 and G6 were smaller than the rest of the genotypes. Among the genotypes, G5 and G3 showed the highest antioxidant activity under water-deficit stress. The genotypes G1, G6, G7 and G8 had also a notable increase in the antioxidant activity at drought stress conditions. Under drought stress, the highest increase in the proline content belonged to G3 followed by G5, G6 and G7 and the G5, G6, G10 and G8 genotypes had the highest amount of soluble sugars. In conclusion, G3 (<em>Juniperus chinensis</em> var. Sargentii) and G8 (<em>Juniperus chinensis</em> ‘Kallayʼs Compact’) showed mainly better performance under drought stress, which can be suggested as candidate drought-tolerant genotypes to be used in breeding programs for the sustainable development of urban landscape in arid and semi-arid areas. Although G5 (<em>Juniperus procumbens </em>‘Nana’) had low biomass in this experiment, it showed high antioxidant activity, proline and soluble sugars at the drought stress conditions. Therefore, further investigation is needed, especially at more severe drought stress conditions, to elucidate its outstanding response to drought stress in terms of antioxidant activity and proline and soluble sugars content.https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_13680_82e1a4a783b849f278151ce3625f6953.pdfUniversity of TabrizJournal of Plant Physiology and Breeding2008-516810220201229In vitro evaluation of drought tolerance in two grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivarsارزیابی واکنش دو رقم انگور (Vitis vinifera L.) به تنش خشکی در شرایط درون درون شیشه ای1331451430210.22034/jppb.2020.14302ENFatemehShiraziDepartment of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, IranMansourGholamiDepartment of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, IranHassanSarikhaniDepartment of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, IranJournal Article20181121Abiotic stresses pose a major threat to agriculture. Therefore, developing plants that are more tolerant of these stresses is very important for improving crop productivity. Grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) is an important fruit crop cultivated in the world. An in vitro experiment was designed to study the response of ‘White Seedless’ and ‘Flame Seedless’ cultivars of Vitis to drought stress. Treatments included four concentrations of PEG 6000, i.e., 0, 0.5, 1, and 2% (w/v), which were equivalent to 0, -0.035, -0.07, and -0.14 times the water potential, respectively. The single-node explants of Vitis grown on MS medium, supplemented with growth regulators BA (2 mg/l), NAA (0.2 mg/l), sucrose (30 g/l), agar (7 gr), and activated charcoal )200 mg/l), were transferred to the same medium but with different concentrations of PEG for 30 days. The results showed that the Flame Seedless cultivar had better growth characters than the White Seedless cultivar on the average of PEG concentrations. Flame Seedless also managed drought stress in terms of shoot length, the number of leaves per shoot, dry weight, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and soluble carbohydrates more efficiently than White Seedless, and produced a high percentage of callus (87.5%) at the 1% PEG stress level. Although the White Seedless cultivar was not more vigorous than Flame Seedless but showed significantly higher proline content, non-significant reduction in relative water content, and a slightly lower reduction in shoot length, and fresh weight at 2% PEG as compared to the control. It seems that both grapevine varieties succeeded in dealing with the PEG drought stress with their special mechanisms. https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_14302_ec879aa9a27d2988a892b17bde4877a3.pdf