2024-03-29T18:40:20Z
https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=647
Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
J. Plant Physiol. Breed.
2008-5168
2008-5168
2014
4
2
Changes in Chlorophyll Content, External Quality Characters, Dry Weight and Vase Life of Strelitzia (Strelitzia spp.) Leaves Affected by Different Preservative Solutions
Maliheh
Abshahi
Hossein
Zarei
Azim
Ghasemnezhad
Mahnaz
Aghdasi
Abstract One of the most important cut foliage plants is strelitzia (Strelitzia spp.) which has several usages. This research program was focused on increasing the vase life of strelitzia cut foliage in the normal storage condition. The experiment was arranged as completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments included combinations of four different levels of gibberellic acid (GA3) and benzyl adenine (BA) each with 0, 50, 100 and 150 ppm concentrations and an extra control. In all treatments except the extra control, silver nitrate (AgNo3) with fixed concentration of 40 ppm and sucrose with fixed concentration of 3% was used. Average temperature, light intensity and relative humidity during the study were 20°C, 865 lux (12/12 day- night) and 70%, respectively. Measured traits were: vase life, chlorophyll content, dry weight and external quality of leaves. Results showed that GA3 and BA had positive effects on increasing the vase life of strelitzia cut foliage and improving the chlorophyll content and external quality characters. Although, the combination of 150 ppm GA3 and 100 ppm BA and also 100 ppm GA3 and 50 ppm BA prolonged the vase life of strelitzia leaves up to 112 days in the storage condition as compared to 59 days for the control treatment, but considering other traits such as chlorophyll content, dry weight and external quality characters plus economic factor, the use of the gibberellic acid alone (at 50 ppm concentration) or in combination with some concentration of benzyl adenine (i.e. 50 ppm) together with silver nitrate and sucrose is recommended to increase the vase life and other quality characters of strelitzia cut foliage.
Benzyl adenine (BA)
Cut foliage
Gibberellic acid (GA3)
Strelitzia
Vase life
2014
12
01
1
8
https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_3785_6e9a4b6b27e7dec1a80f4e41c0e0ca24.pdf
Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
J. Plant Physiol. Breed.
2008-5168
2008-5168
2014
4
2
Nitrogen Use Efficiency Assessment under Intra- and Inter-Specific Competitions Stress
Amir
Aynehband
Sara
Asadi
Afrasyab
Rahnama
Abstract Improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is an important objective of the agroecosystem management. A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different competition patterns on nitrogen balance in the wheat agroecosystem. Experimental design was split–plot based on randomized complete blocks with four replications. The main plots consisted of different nitrogen rates (i.e. 0, 50, 100, 150 kg N ha-1) and sub-plots consisted of four different competitiveness patterns including: no competition, intraspecific competition, interspecific competition and intra- and inter-specific competitions. Our results showed that NUE decreased with increasing N level, especially under higher N rates. N uptake efficiency (NUPE), N harvest index (NHI), N remobilization efficiency (NRE), N harvest efficiency (NHE) and N fertilizer utilization efficiency (NFUE) were lowest in the intra- and inter-specific competition treatments than others. The differences between each intra- and inter-specific competition treatments were not significant for NUPE, N balance index (NBI), NHI, NRE and NHE. We suggested that greatly increased suppression of weeds through increased crop density for reducing the use of herbicide can play an important role in a change in both crop yield and crop N use efficiency. This strategy increased NUE, N utilization efficiency and N reliance index (NRI). Moreover, higher intraspecific competition in most cases reduced NUPE, NBI and NHE but, had no significant effect on NHI, NRI and NFUE.
Nitrogen balances
Nitrogen uptake: Plant density
Weed
2014
12
01
9
21
https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_3786_3cb1fe98a4f22929e395c2d9d0b72e84.pdf
Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
J. Plant Physiol. Breed.
2008-5168
2008-5168
2014
4
2
Identification of Morpho-physiological Traits Affecting White Sugar Yield in Sugar Beet
Rahim
Mohammadian
Hamid
Ghasemi
Mohsen
Bazrafshan
Majid
Moharramzadah
Parviz
Mahdikhani
This research was carried out to evaluate the effects of some morphophysiological traits on white sugar yield of 10 commercial sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) varieties. All experiments were conducted in four important sugar beet growing areas in Iran, i.e. Moghan, Khoy, Karaj and Zarghan in 2006 and 2007. The experiment was arranged as a randomized complete block design with three replications in each environment. Total leaf production and cumulative number of senescent leaves were affected more by location than by genotype. There were significant differences among varieties for white sugar yield. Multiple regression analysis indicated that leaf death rate at the crop development, mid-season and late-season stages; leaf appearance rate and petiole dry weight at the crop development stage; and root dry weight at the late-season stage affected white sugar yield. Leaf death rate had the highest positive effect on white sugar yield at the late-season stage and the highest negative effect at the mid-season stage. In conclusion, leaf death rate at the crop mid-season stage and root dry weight at the late-season stage contributed the most to white sugar yield of sugar beet varieties.
Leaf appearance rate
Leaf death rate
Leaf production
Senescent leaves
Sugar beet
2014
12
01
23
34
https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_3787_b919da0ab62d6fca4fb77dae65d8c76f.pdf
Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
J. Plant Physiol. Breed.
2008-5168
2008-5168
2014
4
2
The Usefulness of Mycorrhizal Fungi to Mitigate Weaning Stress in Micropropagated Grapevine Plantlets
Mahdi
Alizadeh
Sanjay
Kumar Singh
Vishaw
Bandhu Patel
Abstract Large-scale mortality of in vitro raisedplantlets occurred during acclimatization, i.e. glasshouse hardening, and later at field transfer still has remained as a significant bottleneck in micropropagation. The usefulness potential of some arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to minimize mortality rate of three commercial grape rootstock genotypes during glasshouse acclimatization was studied. Inoculation was carried out using soil based inocula added below the root system per each plantlet. Of the three different AMF strains used, Glomus manihotis showed the highest survival rate (80.15%) in the inoculated plants during hardening. All the inoculated plantlets exhibited morphological alterations such as higher vine length, leaf area and root length over the control. Beneficial effect of AMF inoculation on shoot growth resulted about 1.6 times taller vines compared to the non-inoculated control plantlets. The biochemical analyses revealed that the amount of total chlorophylls in leaves and phenols in vines were increased significantly in the mycorrhizal plants. Though total phenolic compounds were significantly increased in the treated plants following inoculation, but inoculated plants with G. monosporum and G. manihotis showed higher phenols in their foliage. The present investigation revealed the integration of AMF association in tissue culture as a helpful strategy to minimize weaning stress and mortality rate of microplants during ex vitro acclimatization and may be utilized in commercial laboratories after verification of these results by the complementary experiments.
Hardening
Mycorrhizal inoculation
Rootstocks
stress
Vitis
2014
12
01
35
42
https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_3788_dcb81af98907394a462bad47a75d5571.pdf
Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
J. Plant Physiol. Breed.
2008-5168
2008-5168
2014
4
2
A Reliable Protocol for Adventitious Shoot Regeneration in GF677 and Rabi Cultivar, a Late Flowering Almond
Esmaeil
Nezami
G. Ali
Garoosi
Raheem
Haddad
Ramin
Hosseini
Abstract In vitro leaf explants of GF677 hybrid rootstock and Rabi cultivar were placed on MQL medium supplemented with BAP at 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mg/L and NAA at 0, 0.15 and 0.3 mg/L concentrations. The results revealed that BAP, NAA, genotype and their interactions had significant effect on both percentage and mean number of the regenerated shoots. For GF677, the highest percentage of shoot regeneration (44 ± 1.74) and mean number of shoots (2.64 ± 0.10) were obtained using 3 mg/L BAP without NAA. However, there were no significant differences among treatment combinations of BAP and NAA with regard to the Rabi cultivar. Furthermore, for GF677 and Rabi genotypes, using NAA at 1 mg/L produced the highest rooting rate (60 and 75%, respectively) and number of roots per shoot (1.85 ± 0.47 and 2.4 ± 0.46, respectively) when the shoots were maintained in the dark on the rooting medium for 10 days before transferring to a 16/8 h photoperiod. In total, 90% of the plantlets survived during acclimatization phase in the greenhouse.
Direct shoot regeneration
GF677
Leaf explants
Rabi cultivar
Rooting and acclimatization
2014
12
01
43
53
https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_3789_e86fc8b5f9f155a9cbe93646cbeec7a7.pdf
Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
J. Plant Physiol. Breed.
2008-5168
2008-5168
2014
4
2
Evaluation of Genetic Diversity among Soybean (Glycine max) Genotypes, Using ISJ and RAPD Molecular Markers
Mozhgan
Panjoo
Farhad
Nazarian-Firouzabadi
Ahmad
Ismaili
Hadi
Ahmadi
Abstract Soybean (Glycine max) is an important crop plant which contains a high amount of oil and protein. To evaluate the genetic diversity of 45 soybean genotypes growing in Iran, two types of molecular markers (RAPD and ISJ) were used. Two sets of different primers were used to compare potential differentiation power of IT (Intron targeting) and ET (Exon targeting) primers. Data obtained from each molecular marker was analyzed separately and in combination. Ten RAPD primers amplified 103 scoreable bands from which 60% were polymorphic, whereas 15 ISJ primes resulted to 129 sharp bands from which 87% were polymorphic. Cluster analysis was carried out based on simple matching coefficient of similarity and UPGMA method. The cophenetic coefficient for RAPD and ISJ markers were 0.95 and 0.81, respectively. Cluster analysis revealed that ISJ molecular markers were better in genetic diversity studies than RAPD markers in soybean genotypes. Furthermore, significant variation was not found between two groups of IT and ET primers (P≤ 0.01). Results of this study suggested that ISJ molecular markers especially ET primes are reliable tools to investigate genetic diversity among soybean genotypes.
Genetic Diversity
Glycine max
ISJ
RAPD
Soybean
2014
12
01
55
65
https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_3790_5f2ed5787b3cfec89f61ecb747f31420.pdf