Reduction of Chilling Injury and Peroxide Hydrogen Accumulation in Thompson Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) Fruit by Proline and Ascorbic Acid During Storage
Soheila
Mohammadrezakhani
Department of Horticultural Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
author
Zahra
Pakkish
Department of Horticultural Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
author
text
article
2015
eng
Abstract This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of proline and ascorbic acid on chilling injury, electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation, peroxide hydrogen and antioxidant enzymes activity of Thompson grape (Vitis vinifera L.) fruit. Grape fruits were treated by 0 (control), 250 and 500 µM proline and 0 (control), 2 and 4% ascorbic acid and their combinations, then stored at 1°C and 90-95 % relative humidity for 28 days. Grapes treated with 500 µM proline and its combination with 2 and 4% ascorbic acid had the lowest amount of lipid peroxidation and peroxide hydrogen and lower chilling injury and electrolyte leakage than non-treated fruits. Moreover, grapes treated with 500 µM proline and its combination with 2 and 4% ascorbic acid significantly increased ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase enzyme activity. The present study can be regarded as the first evidence that proline and ascorbic acid enhance grape fruit tolerance to cold stress and therefore fruit quality.
Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
University of Tabriz
2008-5168
5
v.
1
no.
2015
1
12
https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_3792_42d1585025cb11c0d26c7d6cf83cb04c.pdf
The Impact of Seed Size and Aging on Physiological Performance of Lentil under Water Stress
Afsaneh
Chadordooz-Jeddi
Department of Plant Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
author
Kazem
Ghassemi-Golezani
Department of Plant Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
author
Saied
Zehtab-Salmasi
Department of Plant Eco-Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
author
text
article
2015
eng
Abstract A sub-sample of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik. cv. Kimia) seeds was kept as bulk (S1) and another sample was separated to large (S2) and small (S3) seeds. A sub-sample of each size was kept as control or high vigor seed lot (A1) and the two other sub-samples were artificially aged for 2 and 4 days (A2 and A3, respectively). Field performance and some physiological traits of plants from these seeds were evaluated during 2011. Relative water content (RWC), ground cover and grain yield per unit area significantly decreased with decreasing water availability, but mean leaf temperature and proline content increased as water stress severed. Seed aging reduced RWC, MSI, ground cover and consequently grain yield per unit area. The superiority of plants from large seeds in ground cover and grain yield was increased with increasing seed aging and water limitation. It was, therefore, concluded that planting large seeds may reduce the deleterious effects of water stress and seed aging on field performance of lentil.
Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
University of Tabriz
2008-5168
5
v.
1
no.
2015
13
21
https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_3793_d1ec6e27125ab78c01d344bbe12b2aa3.pdf
Evidence for Enhancement of Salinity Induced Oxidative Damages by Salicylic Acid in Radish (Raphanus sativus L.)
Nader
Chaparzadeh
Department of Plant Biology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
author
Effat
Hosseinzad-Behboud
Department of Plant Biology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
author
text
article
2015
eng
Abstract In recent years some research results have appeared that exogenous salicylic acid provided significant mitigation effect against salinity induced injuries in plants. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of salt stress and salicylic acid on radish (Raphanus sativus L.) plants. After appearing first leaves, plants were treated by salicylic acid (0.2 mM) for 3 days and NaCl (180 mM) applied 48 hours after first treatment of salicylic acid. Results showed that salt stress decreased fresh weight of shoots and roots, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, anthocyanins and flavonoids contents of leaves. In opposite, this stress increased amount of leaves carotenoids, and both leaves and roots phenolic compounds, hydrogen peroxide, proline and lipid peroxidation content. Salicylic acid had similar effects on these factors. Applying salicylic acid in the saline condition decreased fresh weight of shoot and root, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, flavonoids, membrane stability index and increased amount of anthocyanins, carotenoids of leaves, phenolic compounds, proline, hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation of leaves and root. We concluded that benefit of exogenous salicylic acid can be dose dependent and salinity plus salicylic acid, at concentrations applied in this study, were established potent secondary oxidative stress in plants.
Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
University of Tabriz
2008-5168
5
v.
1
no.
2015
23
33
https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_3794_1cc35ce46ec0178153a6cbb690b4f927.pdf
Exogenous Acetylsalicylic Acid Stimulates Physiological Changes to Improve Growth, Yield and Yield Components of Barley under Water Stress Condition
Rozita
Kabiri
PhD Student of Crop Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran
author
Mehdi
Naghizadeh
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran
author
text
article
2015
eng
Abstract To assay the effect of acetylsalicylic acid pretreatment on enhancement of yield and yield components of barley (Reihan-03) under water stress condition, an experiment was conducted as a spilt-plot arrangement based on randomized complete block design with four replications at the Research Field of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran, in 2012-2013. Irrigation condition was arranged in main plots (normal irrigation and withholding irrigation at flowering) and acetylsalicylic acid (0, 0.5, 1 mM) in sub-plots. Water stress caused a significant reduction in relative water content, fertile spike/m2, kernels per spike, 1000 kernel weight, grain yield and biomass and increased electrolyte leakage of plasma membranes, proline content, catalase and also guaiacol peroxidase enzymes activity of flag leaf. Results showed that acetylsalicylic acid application brought on the increased levels of water stress tolerance in barley. Acetylsalicylic acid pretreatment increased antioxidant enzymes activity, relative water content, grain yield, biomass as well as proline content of flag leaf and reduced electrolyte leakage. The concentration of 1 mM acetylsalicylic acid was more effective. In conclusion, seed priming with acetylsalicylic acid increased the tolerance of barley to water stress condition via maintaining cellular membrane integrity and neutralizing or scavenging of reactive oxygen species.
Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
University of Tabriz
2008-5168
5
v.
1
no.
2015
35
45
https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_3795_0bc4d625854ecebf757d0e7c36c21c69.pdf
Effects of Foliar and Root Applications of Hydro-Alcoholic Solutions on Physiological and Biochemical Attributes and Fruit Yield and Weight of Strawberry
Zeinab
Yavarpanah
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, P.O. Box.386, Golestan, Gorgan, Iran
author
Mahdi
Alizadeh
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, P.O. Box.386, Golestan, Gorgan, Iran
author
Esmaeil
Seifi
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Plant Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, P.O. Box.386, Golestan, Gorgan, Iran
author
text
article
2015
eng
Abstract An investigation was undertaken to ascertain the influence of hydro-alcoholic solutions on plant growth as well as quality attributes of strawberry fruits. The mother plants of strawberry (Fragaria ananasa cv. Gaviota) were subjected to various aqueous solutions of ethanol (15, 30%), methanol (15, 30%) and the mixture of ethanol + methanol (15 or 30%) plus the control (water only) as foliar spraying or via irrigation. Application of alcoholic solutions affected the majority of the characters under investigation. The highest amount of leaf chlorophylls, carotenoids, fruit sucrose and total yield were recorded on the plants treated with combination of 15% ethanol and methanol. The maximum fruit weight and the lowest acidity were found in plants treated with 15% methanol or in combination with 15% ethanol. The foliar spraying was superior in most of the traits over the irrigation method. Further experimentations are required to suggest the results of the present study in a commercial scale to the strawberry growers.
Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
University of Tabriz
2008-5168
5
v.
1
no.
2015
47
54
https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_3796_4b3a8ab9b05f46ec77140e6540543a23.pdf
Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Transformation of Two Economically Important Strawberry Cultivars with P5CS Gene
Bahman
Bahramnejad
1Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sannandaj, Iran
author
Sirwan
Nasri
1Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sannandaj, Iran
author
AliAkbar
Mozafari
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sannandaj, Iran
author
Adel
Siosemardeh
Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sannandaj, Iran
author
text
article
2015
eng
Abstract The purpose of this research was to transform two economically important cultivars of strawberry with P5CS gene, which encodes Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), the key enzyme in proline biosynthesis. Shoots were obtained on MS basal medium supplemented with 2% glucose and 4 mg/l TDZ for Camarosa and Kurdistan cultivars. For genetic transformation, a binary vector PBI121 containing P5CS gene under control of the 35SCaMV promoter was used. Transformed cells (explants) were regenerated on the selective regeneration medium containing 75 mg/l kanamycin and 500 mg/l cefotaxime after five days of pre-incubation and 72 h of co-cultivation with Agrobacterium, while control explants failed to grow in the same medium. The presence of the transgene in the plant genome was confirmed by PCR. The morphology of the transgenic plants was normal as controls. Drought stress was applied using polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 at concentrations equal to 0, -5 and -7 Bar, respectively. Proline content was four times higher in the transformed leaves compared to that of the untransformed plants while the proline content in the roots was similar in both transgenic and wild-type plants. Overproduction of P5CS also increased chlorophyll content, shoot length, shoot fresh and dry weight in the transgenic plants under drought-stress conditions.
Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
University of Tabriz
2008-5168
5
v.
1
no.
2015
55
66
https://breeding.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_3797_20e4bb3ed513000c725e714fac110452.pdf