Improving some physiological and yield parameters of safflower by foliar sprays of Fe and Zn under drought stress

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

2 Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Water deficiency limits nutrient availability and causes physiological disruptions resulting in decreased crop productivity in the field. The spray of Fe and Zn on drought-stressed plants may reduce some of the detrimental impacts of this stress on crop performance. Thus, this research was laid out as a split-plot design based on a randomized complete block design with three replications to assess the effects of exogenous iron (Fe: 1 g/l) and Zinc (Zn: 1g/l) on safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) under different irrigation intervals (irrigation after 70, 100, 130, and 160 mm evaporation as normal irrigation, and mild, moderate, and severe water deficits, respectively). Water deficiency decreased green ground cover by reducing plant growth. Leaf water content, chlorophyll content index, capitols per plant, grains per plant, and 1000-grain weight also decreased but leaf temperature increased due to water limitation, leading to a significant loss in the grain yield per unit area under moderate and severe stresses. Foliar sprays of Zn and especially Fe considerably improved the grain yield of safflower under different irrigation intervals, via increasing leaf chlorophyll content, grains per capitol, and grains per plant. However, this superiority in the grain yield decreased with increasing water deficit, which shows that foliar sprays of Fe to a larger extent and Zn to a lesser extent can alleviate some detrimental impacts of mild and moderate water limitations on safflower plants.

Keywords

Article Title [Persian]

بهبود برخی پارامترهای فیزیولوژیکی و محصول گلرنگ با محلول پاشی آهن و روی تحت تنش خشکی

Authors [Persian]

  • کاظم قاسمی گلعذانی 1
  • نیان اردلان 1
  • یعقوب راعی 1
  • بهاره دلیل 2
1 گروه اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز
2 گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران
Abstract [Persian]

کمبود آب دسترسی به عناصر غذایی را محدود می ­کند و باعث اختلالات فیزیولوژیکی می­ شود. در نتیجه قابلیت تولید محصول زراعی در مزرعه کاهش می­ یابد. پاشیدن آهن و روی بر گیاهان تحت تنش خشکی شاید برخی از اثرات مضر این تنش روی عملکرد گیاه زراعی را کاهش دهد. بنابراین، این پژوهش به صورت طرح اسپلیت پلات بر پایه طرح بلوک­ های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار برای ارزیابی اثرات آهن (1 g/l) و روی (1 g/l) خارجی روی گلرنگ (Carthamus tinctorius L.) در فواصل مختلف آبیاری (آبیاری پس از 70، 100، 130 و 160 میلی ­متر تبخیر به ترتیب به عنوان آبیاری معمول، و کم ­آبی­ های ملایم، متوسط و شدید) طراحی شد. کمبود آب با کاهش رشد گیاه درصد پوشش سبز را کاهش داد. به دلیل محدودیت آب، محتوی آب برگ، شاخص محتوای کلروفیل، تعداد کاپیتول­ در بوته، تعداد دانه در بوته و وزن هزار دانه نیز کاهش یافتند، ولی دمای برگ افزایش یافت که منجر به افت معنی­ دار محصول دانه در واحد سطح تحت تنش­ های متوسط و شدید شد. محلول پاشی روی و به ویژه آهن با افزایش محتوای کلروفیل برگ، تعداد دانه در کاپیتول و تعداد دانه در بوته موجب بهبود قابل ملاحظه­ محصول دانه گلرنگ در فواصل مختلف آبیاری شد. اما، این برتری در محصول دانه با افزایش کمبود آب کاهش یافت که نشان می­ دهد محلول پاشی آهن به مقدار بیشتر و روی به مقدار کمتر می­ توانند برخی از اثرات زیان­بار محدودیت­ های آبی ملایم و متوسط روی گیاه گلرنگ را کاهش دهند.
 

Keywords [Persian]

  • آهن
  • پوشش سبز
  • خشکی
  • روی
  • کلروفیل
  • محتوای آب

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Journal of Plant Physiology and Breeding
Volume 12, Issue 1
May 2022
Pages 15-27

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