A key role of penconazole in biomass production and responses to different soil moisture levels in Satureja sahendica Bornm.

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD Student, Department of Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

2 Department of Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.

3 Horticulture and Crops Research Department, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Tabriz, Iran.

Abstract

Drought stress is a significant environmental factor retarding plant growth as well as productivity. Plants adapt to environmental stress via numerous strategies such as changes in plant height, biomass, carbohydrate content and phytohomnonal levels. Therefore, a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications was carried out to determine possible drought tolerance mechanisms in Satureja sahendica Bornm. induced by penconazole (PEN). The determined water (100, 60 and 30% FC) and PEN (0, 10 and 20 mg.l-1) levels were applied. Result showed that drought stress significantly decreased plant height, fresh and dry weight, indoleacetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA) and induced accumulation of carbohydrates, glucose, sucrose, fructose and abscisic acid (ABA). PEN treatment even decreased further plant height, IAA, GA and increased fresh and dry weight, carbohydrate content, glucose, sucrose, fructose and ABA. PEN increased fructose and ABA up to 2.5 folds and 3.5 to 4.5 folds, respectively compared to the control, especially at the second harvest. The significant decrease in growth hormones along with significant increase of the inhibitor hormone by elevating drought stress and PEN application led to significant augmentation in (GA+IAA)/ABA ratio (~70% at 30% FC and 20 mg.l-1 PEN) compared to the control. Altogether, the application of 20 mg.l-1 PEN together with 60% FC seems an appropriate treatment for planting Satureja sahendica in dry regions. Furthermore, the improved fructose production and ABA level induced by PEN had outstanding role on drought tolerance of this plant

Keywords


Article Title [Persian]

نقش کلیدی پنکونازول در تولید بیوماس در سطوح رطوبتی متفاوت خاک در گیاه مرزه سهندی (.Satureja sahendica Bornm)

Abstract [Persian]

تنش خشکی به عنوان یک عامل محیطی مهم، محدود کننده رشد و عملکرد گیاهان به شمار می ­آید. گیاهان از طریق راهبردهای متعدد مانند تغییر در ارتفاع گیاه، بیوماس، محتوای کربوهیدرات و سطوح هورمونی به تنش ­های محیطی سازگار می­ شوند. بنابراین، یک طرح اسپلیت پلات در قالب بلوک ­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار برای تعیین سازوکارهای تحمل به خشکی القاء شده به وسیله پنکونازول در گیاه مرزه سهندی به اجرا در­آمد. تیمار سطوح آبیاری (نرمال، 60% FC =  و30% FC =) و پنکونازول (شاهد، 10 و20 میلی گرم در لیتر) اعمال شد. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی منجر به کاهش معنی­دار ارتفاع گیاه، عملکرد تر و خشک، محتوای اسید ایندول استیک (IAA)  و اسید ژیبرلیک (GA) و القای افزایش قابل توجه کربوهیدرات ­های محلول کل (TSC)، گلوکز، ساکارز، فروکتوز و اسید آبسیزیک (ABA)  می­ گردد. تیمار پنکونازول منجر به کاهش ارتفاع بوته،IAA ، GA و افزایش عملکرد تر و خشک، TSC، گلوکز، ساکارز، فروکتوز و ABA شد. تیمار پنکونازول سطح فروکتوز و ABA را تقریبا 2/5 و 4/5-3/5 برابر بیشتر ازشاهد، به ویژه در برداشت دوم، افزایش داد. کاهش معنی­ دار هورمون­ های رشد به موازات افزایش چشمگیر هورمون بازدارنده با افزایش تنش خشکی و تیمار پنکونازول منجر به کاهش معنی­ دار در نسبت GA+IAA)/ABA) شد (حدود 70 درصد در سطح آبیاری 30 درصد و غلظت 20 میلی گرم در لیتر پنکونازول در مقایسه با شاهد). در مجموع به نظر می ­رسد که کاربرد 20 میلی­گرم در لیتر پنکونازول همراه با رژیم رطوبتی برابر با 60 درصد ظرفیت مزرعه ­ای، می­ تواند تیمار مناسبی برای زراعت مرزه سهندی در مناطق خشک باشد. علاوه بر این، افزایش تولید فروکتوز و سطح ABA القاء شده به وسیله پنکونازول نقش برجسته­ ای در تحمل به خشکی این گیاه دارد.

Keywords [Persian]

  • ارتفاع گیاه
  • بیوماس
  • پنکونازول
  • تنش خشکی
  • کربوهیدرات های محلول
  • مرزه سهندی
  • هورمون
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